r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 1 10 - parameter symbol limit unit power supply voltage vdd 7.0 v input voltage vin vss - 0.3 to vdd + 0. 3 v output voltage vout vss - 0.3 to vdd + 0. 3 v output short circuit continuous sec. power dissipation pd 300 (sot-25) mw 150 (sc-70-5(sot-353)) operating temperature top - 4 0 to + 85 c storage temperature tstg - 55 to + 125 c ? battery-operated p ortable devices ? micropower signal process ? low voltage analog circuit g e neral description f eatures applica tion maximum a bsolute ratings ELM832 x c - x symbol a package b: sot-25 c: s c-70-5(sot-353) b product version c c taping d irection s, n: refer to pkg file ELM832 x c - x a b c selection guide ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier ELM832xc is a low current consumption-typ.20a cmos op-amp provided with a wide common mode input voltage range. it has a quasi rail-to-rail input stage and a push-pull rail-to-rail output stage. ELM832xc can operate down to 1.2v. ELM832xc is suitable for portable devices which require low power and a single voltage source. ? operation from a single power source ? low voltage operation : 1.2v vdd 6.0v ? low current consumption : typ. 2 1 a(vdd = 3.0v) ? n-channel depletion differential input : no gm dependence on input operating points ? c ommon-mode input voltage range : quasi rail-to-rail input vss to vdd - 0.3v(vdd =1.5v) vss to vdd - 0.1v(vdd =3.0v) ? output stage : push-pull rail-to-rail output ? unity gain bandwidth : typ. 15 0khz (vdd 1.5v) ? package : sot - 25, sc-70-5(sot-353)
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 2 10 - ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier ELM832xc 1 2 3 5 4 - + pin no. pin name 1 out 2 v dd 3 in + 4 in - 5 v ss s tandard circuit pin configuration marking sot - 25 s c -70- 5 symbol mark content a, b 5 b ELM832bc (sot-25) > 1 ELM832cc (sc-70-5) c 0 to 9 and a to z (i, o, x ex cepted .) lot no. d 0 to 9 and a to z (i, o, x ex cepted .) lot no.
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 3 10 - electrical characteristics parameter symbol condition min. typ. max. unit input offset voltage vio v cm =vdd /2, unity gain follower 6 mv input bias current iib 1.0 na common-mode input voltage range vcmr for cmrr 50db 0.00 1.20 v maximum output voltage swing vouts h vid = 100mv, rl = 1 0k to vss 1.40 v minimum output voltage swing vouts l vid = 100mv, rl = 1 0k to v dd 0.10 v source current isource vout=1.2v, vid=100mv 0.4 1.0 ma sink current isink vout=0.3v, vid=100mv 1.0 2.5 ma large-signal voltage gain avd rl = 1 0k to vss, vcm=0.75v 100 db common-mode rejection ratio c mrr rl = 1 0k to vss, vcm=0.75v 80 db supply voltage rejection ratio p srr rl = 1 0k to vss, v cm =0.75v 8 5 db current consumption iss v cm =vdd /2, unity gain follower 20 40 a short current ishortp vout to vss shrot, vid=100mv 1.4 ma ishortn vout to vdd shrot, vid=100mv 4.0 ma unity gain bandwidth gbw 150 k hz slew rate sr rl = 1 00k , cl = 20pf 80 190 mv/ s vss = 0v, top = 25 c vss = 0v, top = 25 c v dd = 1.5 v v dd = 3 . 0 v parameter symbol condition min. typ. max. unit input offset voltage vio v cm =vdd /2, unity gain follower 6 mv input bias current iib 1.0 na common-mode input voltage range vcmr for cmrr 50db 0.00 2.90 v maximum output voltage swing vouts h vid = 100mv, rl = 1 0k to vss 2 .90 v minimum output voltage swing vouts l vid = 100mv, rl = 1 0k to v dd 0.10 v source current isource vout=2.7v, vid=100mv 1.5 4 .0 ma sink current isink vout=0.3v, vid=100mv 3 .0 7 .5 ma large-signal voltage gain avd rl = 1 0k to vss, vcm=1.5v 105 db common-mode rejection ratio c mrr rl = 1 0k to vss, vcm=1.5v 85 db supply voltage rejection ratio p srr rl = 1 0k to vss, v cm =1.5v 100 db current consumption iss v cm =vdd /2, unity gain follower 21 45 a short current ishortp vout to vss shrot, vid=100mv 14 ma ishortn vout to vdd shrot, vid=100mv 25 ma unity gain bandwidth gbw 150 k hz slew rate sr rl = 1 00k , cl = 20pf 80 200 mv/ s parameter symbol condition min. typ. max. unit operating voltage vdd 1.2 6.0 v vss = 0v, top =- 40~+85 c ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 4 10 - ELM832 xc common mode input voltage range is fixed under the condition of cmrr 50db; ELM832xc is able to accept the input above its specification if the degradation of cmrr is not considered. even if the input voltage exceeds either positive or negative power voltage, troubles such as reverse of output will not occur. as maximum absolute rating, the input voltage is possible within (vss -0.3)v to (vdd +0.3)v . 1) common mode input voltage range n ote 2) operation from single power source ELM832 xc is designed to be most suitable for single power source, ELM832xc is able to share power supply with logic circuit one. meanwhile, ELM832xc can also operate from double power sources. to protect power supplies of ELM832xc and logic circuit from noise, please separate wire from power supply and use decouplin g (bypass ) c apacitor. using the capacitor can improve psrr characteristics, especially on 10khz to 100khz or more. 3) feedback when op-amp circuit is used with feedback resistor, oscillation may happen i n the circuit with loop-gain like unity gain follower. a) when large feedback resistance is used, the phase margin is decreased by its combination with the parasitic capacitance o f the input part of op-amp. in this situation, please connect small capacitor in parallel with feedback resistor as shown in fig -1 . b) f or capacitive load, external resistor in series connection will be effective as shown in fig -2. ( rl = 300 to 500 ) c) being used as an unity gain follow, ELM832xc is able to drive capacitive load of 100pf directly without oscillation. a ) fig -1 b ) fig - 2 ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 5 10 - typical c haracteristics 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? iss-vdd vdd (v) iss ( ? a) top=-40 ? unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, no load -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v iss-top top ( ? ) iss ( ? a) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, no load vdd=3.0v 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? iss-vcm vcm (v) iss ( ? a) top=-40 ? unity gain, vdd=3.0v, no load -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 offset voltage distribution offset voltage (mv) percent (%) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, vcm=1.5v, no load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v avd-frequency frequency (khz) avd (db) vdd=1.2v vdd=3.0v vcm=vdd/2, 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? avd-frequency frequency (khz) avd (db) top=-40 ? top=+25 ? vdd=3.0v, vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? iss-vdd vdd (v) iss ( ? a) top=-40 ? unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, no load -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v iss-top top ( ? ) iss ( ? a) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, no load vdd=3.0v 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? iss-vcm vcm (v) iss ( ? a) top=-40 ? unity gain, vdd=3.0v, no load -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 offset voltage distribution offset voltage (mv) percent (%) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, vcm=1.5v, no load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v avd-frequency frequency (khz) avd (db) vdd=1.2v vdd=3.0v vcm=vdd/2, 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? avd-frequency frequency (khz) avd (db) top=-40 ? top=+25 ? vdd=3.0v, vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 6 10 - 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v cmrr-frequency frequency (khz) cmrr (db) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, vdd=3.0v 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? top=+25 ? cmrr-frequency frequency (khz) cmrr (db) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, top=-40 ? vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=1.2v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=1.5v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=3.0v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=6.0v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v cmrr-frequency frequency (khz) cmrr (db) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, vdd=3.0v 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? top=+25 ? cmrr-frequency frequency (khz) cmrr (db) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, top=-40 ? vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=1.2v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=1.5v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=3.0v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? cmrr-vcm [vdd=6.0v] vcm (v) cmrr (db) top=-40 ? frequency=1hz, unity gain, 10k ??? load ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 7 10 - 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v psrr-frequency frequency (khz) psrr (db) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, vdd=3.0v 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? top=+25 ? psrr-frequency frequency (khz) psrr (db) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, top=-40 ? vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 rising edge (top=-40 ? ) falling edge (top=+85 ? ) sr-vdd vdd (v) sr (mv/ ? s) falling edge (top=-40 ? ) unity gain, 100k ??? load rising edge (top=+85 ? ) rising edge (top=+25 ? ) falling edge (top=+25 ? ) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 falling edge sr-top top ( ? ) sr (mv/ ? s) vdd=3.0v, unity gain, 100k ??? load rising edge 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=1.2v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=1.5v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 vdd=1.5v vdd=6.0v psrr-frequency frequency (khz) psrr (db) vdd=1.2v unity gain, vcm=vdd/2, vdd=3.0v 10k ??? load, top=25 ? 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+85 ? top=+25 ? psrr-frequency frequency (khz) psrr (db) unity gain, vdd=3.0v, top=-40 ? vcm=1.5v, 10k ??? load 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 rising edge (top=-40 ? ) falling edge (top=+85 ? ) sr-vdd vdd (v) sr (mv/ ? s) falling edge (top=-40 ? ) unity gain, 100k ??? load rising edge (top=+85 ? ) rising edge (top=+25 ? ) falling edge (top=+25 ? ) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 falling edge sr-top top ( ? ) sr (mv/ ? s) vdd=3.0v, unity gain, 100k ??? load rising edge 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=1.2v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=1.5v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 8 10 - 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=3.0v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=6.0v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=1.2v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=1.5v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=3.0v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=6.0v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=3.0v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isource-vout [vdd=6.0v] vout (v) isource (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=1.2v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=1.5v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=3.0v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? isink-vout [vdd=6.0v] vout (v) isink (ma) top=-40 ? vid=100mv ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 9 10 - 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? short circuit current-vdd vdd (v) short circuit current (ma) top=-40 ? vout to vss short, vid=100mv 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? short circuit current-vdd vdd (v) short circuit current (ma) top=-40 ? vout to vdd short, vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=1.2v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=1.5v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=3.0v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=6.0v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? short circuit current-vdd vdd (v) short circuit current (ma) top=-40 ? vout to vss short, vid=100mv 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 top=+25 ? top=+85 ? short circuit current-vdd vdd (v) short circuit current (ma) top=-40 ? vout to vdd short, vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=1.2v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=1.5v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=3.0v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 top=+25 ? maximum vout-rl [vdd=6.0v] rl ( ?? maximum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vout and vss. top=+85 ? vid=100mv ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
r ev.1. 1 http://www.elm-tech.com 10 10 - 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=1.2v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=1.5v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=3.0v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=6.0v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 vin pulse response [vdd=1.5v] time ( ? s) vin (v) vout unity gain, 100k ??? load, top=25 ? vout (v) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 vin pulse response [vdd=3.0v] time ( ? s) vin (v) vout unity gain, 100k ??? load, top=25 ? vout (v) 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=1.2v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=1.5v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=3.0v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 top=+25 ? minimum vout-rl [vdd=6.0v] rl ( ?? minimum vout (v) top=-40 ? rl is connected between vdd and vout. top=+85 ? vid=100mv 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 vin pulse response [vdd=1.5v] time ( ? s) vin (v) vout unity gain, 100k ??? load, top=25 ? vout (v) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 vin pulse response [vdd=3.0v] time ( ? s) vin (v) vout unity gain, 100k ??? load, top=25 ? vout (v) ELM832x c 20 a l ow power cmos operational amplifier
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