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dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 1 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s ? fm transceiver module ? low cost, high performance ? fast pll lock time ? wakeup timer ? 2.2v ? 3.8v power supply ? low power consumption ? 1 0mhz crystal for pll timing ? clock and reset signal output for external mcu use ? 1 6 bit rx data fifo ? spi interface ? internal data filtering and clock recover ? digital signal strength indicator (drssi) ? programmable tx frequency deviation (from 15 to 240 khz) ? programmable receiver bandwidth (from 67 to 400 khz ) ? standby current less than 0.3ua ? two 8 bit tx data registers ? high data rate (up to 115.2 kbps with internal demo dulator with external rc filter highest data rate is 256 kbps) ? operates from -45 to +85 o c introduction the alpha modules are extremely cost effective but high performance radio modules. supplied in a miniature surface mount package this transceiver mo dule can transmit/receive at upto 115kbps at a maximum of 300m. operating at 2-5v, the module monitors its battery voltage and can sleep with very low standby current . the module can wake intermittently and provide dire ct control outputs to a microcontroller making it ideally suited to battery applications. these modules will suit one to one multi-node wirel ess links in applications including car and buildin g security, pos and inventory tracking, remote proces s monitoring. part numbers part number description ALPHA-TRX433S fm transceiver module, preset to 433m hz alpha-trx868s fm transceiver module, preset to 868m hz alpha-trx915s fm transceiver module, preset to 915m hz applications wireless security systems car alarms remote gate controls remote sensing data capture sensor reporting
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 2 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s pin description pin definition type function 11 nint/vdi di/ do interrupt input (active low)/val id data indicator 9 vdd s positive power supply 12 sdi di spi data input 13 sck di spi clock input 8 ant in antenna connection 1 sdo do serial data output with bus hold 2 nirq do interrupts request output active low 3 fsk/data/nffs di/do/di transmit fsk data input/ received data output (fifo not used)/ fifo select 4 dclk/cfil/ffit do/aio/do clock output (no fifo )/ external filter capacitor(analog mode)/ fifo interrupts(active high)when fifo level set to 1, fifo empty interruption can be achieved 5 clk do clock output for external microcontroller 6 nres dio reset input (active low 7, 10 gnd s power ground 14 nsel di chip select (active low)
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 3 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s mechanical dimensions electrical parameters maximum (not in working mode symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive power supply -0.5 6.0 v v in all pin input level -0.5 vdd+0.5 v i in input current except power -25 25 ma esd human body model 1000 v t st storage temperature -55 125 t ld soldering temperature(10s) 260 recommended working range symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive power supply 2.2 3.8 v t op working temperature -40 85
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 4 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s d d c c c c h h a a r r a a c c t t e e r r i i s s t t i i c c symbol parameter remark minimum typical maximum unit i dd_tx_0 supply current (tx mode, p out = 0dbm) 433mhz band 915mhz band 13 17 ma i dd_tx_pmax supply current (tx mode, p out = p max ) 433mhz band 915mhz band 21 25 ma i dd_rx supply current (rx mode) 433mhz band 915mhz band 10 13 ma i x stand by current crystal and base band on 3 0 3 5 ma i pd sleep mode current all blocks off 0.3 ua i lb low battery detection 0.5 ua v lb low battery step 0.1v per step 2.2 5.3 v v lba low battery detection accuracy 75 mv v il low level input 0.3*v dd v v ih high level input 0.7*v dd v i il leakage current v il =0v -1 1 ua i ih leakage current v ih =v dd , v dd =5.4v -1 1 ua v ol low level output i ol =2ma 0.4 v v oh high level output i oh =-2ma v dd -0.4 v a a c c c c h h a a r r a a c c t t e e r r i i s s t t i i c c symbol parameter remark min typical max unit f ref pll frequency 8 10 12 mhz f lo frequency (10mhz crystal used) 433 mhz band,2.5khz step 915 mhz band,7.5khz step 430.24 900.72 439.75 929.27 mhz f lo frequency (8mhz crystal used) 433 mhz band,2.5khz step 915 mhz band,7.5khz step 344.19 720.57 351.80 743.41 mhz f lo frequency (12mhz crystal used) 433 mhz band,2.5khz step 915 mhz band,7.5khz step 3516.28 1080.8 527.71 1115.1 mhz bw receiver bandwidth 1 2 3 4 5 6 60 120 180 240 300 360 67 134 200 270 350 400 75 150 225 300 375 450 khz t lock pll lock time after 10mhz step hopping, frequency error <10 khz 20 us br data rate with internal digital demodulator 0.6 115.2 kbps br a data rate with external rc filter 256 kbps bw=134khz,br=1.2kbps,433mhz band -106 -100 bw=134khz,br=1.2kbps,915mhz band -102 -95 afc range afc working range df fsk fsk deviation in the received signal 0.8* df fsk rs a rssi accuracy 5 db rs r rssi range 46 db c arssi arssi filter 1 nf rs step rssi programmable step 6 db rs resp drssi response time rssi output high after valid , carrsi=5nf 500 us
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 5 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s ac characteristic(transmitter) symbol parameter remark min typical max unit 433mhz band 3 5 915mhz band -2 0 p out typical output power selectable in 3 db steps p max -21 p max dbm c o output capacitance (set by the automatic antenna tuning circuit) in low bands in high bands 2 2.1 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.3 pf q o quality factor of the output capacitance in low bands in high bands 13 8 15 10 17 12 l out output phase noise 100 khz from carrier 1 mhz from carrier -75 -85 dbc/hz br fsk bit rate 256 kbps df fsk fsk frequency deviation programmable in 15 khz steps 15 240 khz ac characteristic(turn-on/turnaround timings) symbol parameter remark min typical max unit t st crystal oscillator startup time crystal esr < 100 5 ms t tx_rx_xtal_on transmitter - receiver turnover time synthesizer off, crystal oscillator on 450 us t rx_tx_xtal_on receiver - transmitter turnover time synthesizer off, crystal oscillator on 350 us t tx_rx_synt_on transmitter - receiver turnover time synthesizer on, crystal oscillator on 425 us t rx_tx_synt_on receiver - transmitter turnover time synthesizer on, crystal oscillator on 300 us c xl crystal load capacitance programmable in 0.5 pf st eps, tolerance+/- 10% 8.5 16 pf t por internal por timeout after v dd has reached 90% of final value 100 ms t pbt wake-up timer clock period calibrated every 30 seconds 0.96 1.05 ms c in, d digital input apacitance 2 pf t r, f digital output rise/fall time 15pf pure capacitive load 10 ns r f solutions ltd., unit 21, cliffe industrial estate, lewes, e. sussex. bn8 6jl. england. email : sales@rfsolutions.co.uk http://www.rfsolutions.co.uk information contained in this document is believed to be accurate, however no representation or warran ty is given and no liability is assumed by r.f. sol utions ltd. with respect to the accuracy of such information. use of products as critical compo nents in life support systems is not authorised exc ept with express written approval from r.f. solutio ns ltd.
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 6 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s programming guide brief description alpha-trx supports a command interface to setup fre quency, deviation, output power and also data rate. there is no need to change any hardware when using frequency-hopping applications commands timing diagram configuration setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 el ef b1 b0 x3 x2 x1 x0 8008h e l: enable tx register e f: enable rx fifo buffer b1..b0: select band b1 b0 band[mhz] 0 0 reserved 0 1 433 1 0 868 1 1 915 x3..x0: select crystal load capacitor x3 x2 x1 x0 load capacitor [pf] 0 0 0 0 8.5 0 0 0 1 9.0 0 0 1 0 9.5 0 0 1 1 10.0 1 1 1 0 15.5 1 1 1 1 16.0
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 7 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s power management command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 er ebb et es ex eb ew dc 8208h er enable receiver ebb enable base band block et enable transmitter es enable synthesizer ex enable crystal oscillator eb enable low battery detector ew enable wake-up timer dc disable clock output of clk pin frequency setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 0 f11 f10 f9 f8 f7 f6 f5 f4 f3 f2 f1 f0 a680 h f11..f0: set operation frequency: 433band: fc=430+f*0.0025 mhz 868band: fc=860+f*0.0050 mhz 915band: fc=900+f*0.0075 mhz fc is carrier frequency and f is the frequency para meter. 36 f 3903 data rate command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 cs r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 c623h r6..r0: set data rate: br=10000000/29/ r+1 / 1+cs*7 receiver control command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 1 0 p16 d1 d0 i2 i1 i0 g1 g0 r2 r1 r0 9080h p16: select function of pin16 p16 0 interrupt input 1 vdi output i2..i0:select baseband bandwidth i2 i1 i0 baseband bandwidth [khz] 0 0 0 reserved 0 0 1 400 0 1 0 340 0 1 1 270 1 0 0 200 1 0 1 134 1 1 0 67 1 1 1 reserved
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 8 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s d1..d0: select vdi response time d1 d0 response 0 0 fast 0 1 medium 1 0 slow 1 1 always on g1..g0: select lna gain g1 g0 lna gain (dbm) 0 0 0 0 1 -6 1 0 -14 1 1 -20 r2..r0: select drssi threshold r2 r1 r0 rssisetth [dbm] 0 0 0 -103 0 0 1 -97 0 1 0 -91 0 1 1 -85 1 0 0 -79 1 0 1 -73 1 1 0 reserved 1 0 1 reserved the actual drssi threshold is related to lna setup: ssi th = rssi setth + g lna. data filter command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 al ml 1 s 1 f2 f1 f0 c22ch al: enable clock recovery auto-lock ml: enable clock recovery fast mode s: select data filter type s filter type 0 digital filter 1 analog rc filter f1..f0: set dqd threshold
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 9 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s fifo and reset mode command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 f3 f2 f1 f0 sp al ff dr ca80h f3..f0: set fifo interrupt level sp: select the length of the synchron pattern: sp byte1 byte0 (por) synchron pattern (byte1+byte0) 0 2dh d4h 2dd4h 1 not used d4h d4h al: select fifo fill start condition al condition 0 sync-word 1 always ff: enable fifo fill dr disable hi sensitivity reset mode synchron pattern command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 ced4h this command is used to reprogram the synchronic pa ttern; receiver fifo read command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b000h this command is used to read fifo data when ffi t interrupt generated. fifo data output starts at 8th sck period. afc command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 a1 a0 rl1 rl0 st fi oe en c4f7h a1..a0: select afc auto-mode a1 a0 0 0 controlled by mcu 0 1 run once at power on 1 0 keep offset when vdi hi 1 1 keeps independently from vdi rl1..rl0: select range limit r1 r0 range (fres) 0 0 no restriction 0 1 +15/-16 1 0 +7/-8 1 1 +3-4 freq 315 433band: 2.5khz 868band: 5khz 915band: 7.5khz st: st goes hi will store offset into output regi ster fi: enable afc hi accuracy mode oe: enable afc output register en: enable afc function
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 10 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s tx configuration control command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 mp m3 m2 m1 m0 0 p2 p1 p0 9800h m: select modulation polarity m2..m0: select frequency deviation: p2..p0: select output power p2 p1 p0 output power[dbm] 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 -3 0 1 0 -6 0 1 1 -9 1 0 0 -12 1 0 1 -15 1 1 0 -18 1 0 1 -21 pll setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 ob1 ob0 lpx ddy ddit 1 bw0 cc67h ob1-ob0: microcontroller output clock buffer rise a nd fall time control. ob1 ob0 selected uc clk frequency 0 0 5 or 10 mhz (recommended) 0 1 3.3 mhz 1 x 2.5 mhz or less lpx: select low power mode of the crystal oscillato r. lpx crystal start-up time (typ) power consumption (typ) 0 1 ms 620 ua 1 2 ms 460 ua ddy: phase detector delay enable. ddi: disables the dithering in the pll loop. bw1-bw0: select pll bandwidth bw0 max bit rate [kbps] phase noise at 1mhz offset [dbc/hz] 0 86.2 -107 1 256 -102 m3 m2 m1 m0 frequency deviation [khz] 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 1 30 0 0 1 0 45 0 0 1 1 60 0 1 0 0 75 0 1 0 1 90 0 1 1 0 105 0 1 1 1 120 1 0 0 0 135 1 0 0 1 150 1 0 1 0 165 1 0 1 1 180 1 1 0 0 195 1 1 0 1 210 1 1 1 0 225 1 1 1 1 240
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 11 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s transmitter register write command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 t7 t6 t5 t4 t3 t2 t1 t0 b8aah this command is use to write a data byte to rf12 an d then rf12 transmit it wake-up timer command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 1 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 m7 m6 m5 m4 m3 m2 m1 m0 e196h the wake-up period is determined by: t wake-up = m * 2 r [ms] for continual operation, bit ?et? must be cleared a nd set low duty-cycle command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 en c8oeh d6..d0: set duty cycle d.c.= (d * 2 +1) / m *100% en: enable low duty cycle mode low battery detector and microcontroller clock divi der command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 d2 d1 d0 0 v3 v2 v1 v0 c000h d2..d0: select frequency of clk pin d2 d1 d0 clock frequency[mhz] 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1.25 0 1 0 1.66 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 2.5 1 0 1 3.33 1 1 0 5 1 1 1 10 clk signal is derive form crystal oscillator and it can be applied to mcu clock in to save a second crystal. if not used, please set bit ?dc? to disable clk out put to integrate the load capacitor internal can not on ly save cost, but also adjust reference frequency by software v3..v0: set threshold voltage of low battery detect or vlb=2.2+v*0.1 [v]
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 12 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s status read command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 0 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x - bit 15 tx ready for next byte or fifo received data sta tus 14 power on reset status 13 tx register under run or rx fifo overflow status 12 wakeup timer overflow status 11 interrupt on external source status 10 low battery detect status 9 fifo empty status 8 antenna tuning signal strength 7 received signal strength indicator 6 data quality detector status 5 clock recovery locked status 4 toggling in each afc cycle 3 measured offset frequency sign value 1='+', 0='-' 2 measured offset frequency value (3 bits ) ) 1 measured offset frequency value (3 bits ) ) 0 measured offset frequency value (3 bits ) ) this command starts with a 0 and be used to read in ternal status register. d a a t t a a o o u u t t p p u u t t s s t t a a r r t t s s a a t t 8 8 t t h h s s c c k k p p e e r r i i o o d d . .
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 13 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s transmitter operation flow start initialise alpha module open tx send data close tx send data wait nirq low write a byte package send over? return
dsalpha-trx-6 feb ?11 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 14 alpha rf t ransceiver ALPHA-TRX433S alpha-trx915s receiver operation flow start initialise alpha module open rx receive data indicate receive receive data wait nirq low read fifo data data receive over? return check pass? n n y y after initialisation, open fifo receive mode and wa it for nirq low, only then can the mcu read receive d and stored data in fifo. for the next received package please reset fifo

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