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application brief ab207 snapled / superflux led categories and labels duri ng lumil e ds standard pro d u c tion p r ocess, ea ch s u pe rf lux & sn apl e d led is tested before it is placed into a sh ipping tube. this test confir ms that the luminous flux (lighto utput), domi n ant wav e le ngth (c olo r ), forwa r d volta g e, an d rev e r s e voltage fall withi n the r a ng e des c ri be d in lu mile ds tech nic a l d a ta sheet for e a c h devi ce. this also enables lumil e ds to provide m a tched b und l e s of superfl u x leds to all c u stome r s. the su pe rfl u x & snapled led te ch nic a l data she e ts ar e avail a bl e o n li n e at the follo win g url: http://www.lumileds . com this secti o n is dedi cate d to hel p in g the c u stom er understand the method ology b e hi nd lumil e ds cate gor izatio n system. the read er sh oul d have a basi c und ersta n di n g of the follo w i ng topi cs after reviewing this section: 1) catego r y d e fini tio n s, 2) typical cat ego r y availability for each superflux & snapled products, 3) location of the category code on l u m il e d s l a be l s , a n d 4 ) how category pop ulatio ns can chang e over time. a soli d und erstandi ng of this topi c will assist the desi gn er i n the simplifi c ation of exte ri or lig hting sys t em and asse mbly process designs. 1
table of contents category definitions 3 ca tego ry co des 3 lumi n o u s flu x categ o ry definitio n s 3 c o lor category definitions 3 the flu x ra tio co ncep t 4 voltag e c a teg o ry definiti ons 4 device t y pes, option codes and p a rt numb ers 6 packagin g of su perflux & snapled leds 6 tubes of le ds 6 bun d les o f leds 7 box e s o f le ds 7 typical category distribu tions for superflux & snapled leds and their effect on the lighting system and ass e mbly process design 8 variations in dominant wavelength (color) 8 variations in forward vo ltage 9 varia t ions in luminou s f l ux (light- o utpu t) 10 sampl e s with data for opti c a l system ch ar acte r izati o n 12 requ esting fl ux cate go ry sele ctions 12 2 category definitions category codes a 3digit category code is i n cl ud ed on all tube and b u ndle l a bels. this catego ry cod e groups the leds according to: luminous flux (light output), domi n ant wave length (color), and forw ar d voltag e. as shown i n fig u r e 7.1, the first digit indicates the lightoutput range, the seco nd di git indi cates the c o lor ra nge, a n d the third dig i t indi cates the fo rw ard volt age ra nge of the leds in the tube or bundle. as a result of our p r o d uctio n testing process, the maximum of one categor y is higher than the minim u m of the n e xt categ ory. as menti o ne d abov e, lumileds? automated test system meas ur es thr ee p a r a mete r s of each led to dete rmin e the categ ory co d e for the d e vic e . on ce the cate gory c ode ha s been establi s hed, the unit is placed into the s h ipping tube, and the test system g e nerates the tube label, which displays this 3digit cate g o ry code. altho u gh the automated test equipmen t i s prog ramm ed so that ea ch c a tego ry maxim u m exactly mat c h e s the minimum of the next category, it is not as ac cu rate as o p tical l a bo ra tory test equipment. as a res u lt, the category mi ni m u ms show n in figu re 7.1 ar e low e r than th e minimums programmed into our test equipmen t and the maximu m s are higher. this ensures th at if a sup e r f lux o r snap led le d is tested us ing optical laboratory test equipm ent, the test results will fall w i thin the ranges listed in fig u re 7.1 for its assigned cate gory c o d e . luminous flux category definitions the fi rst digit of lumil eds? catego ry co de provi d es info r m ation abo u t the lumi no us flux, color ca tegory definitions the se co nd di git of lumil ed s? catego r y co de provi d es info r m ation abo u t the domi n a n t wavelength, 3 4 the flux ratio concept in many a p pli catio ns, the a c c e ptab le lig h t output r a n g e f o r led em i tters is based m a inly on the a p p e a r an ce of the fin a l lig h t i n g s y s t e m is important to rememb er t h at the h u ma n e y responds to light logarith mi cally. in other words, the pe rc eive d differ e n ce b e twe e n a 1 lum e n a n d 2lumen light source is si milar to the perceived differ e n ce b e twe e n a 1 0 l u m en a n d 2 0 l ume n light source. also, as a general rule, most peo p le canno t easily discern differences i n light output of ad ja ce nt light sources if their ratio is less than 2:1 even und er c o ntro lle d, labo rato ry con d itio ns. th er efor e, a 1l u men li ght sou r c e w app e a r dimm er tha n a 2 lu men li ght sou r ce; how e ve r, 10l u me n an d 15 lume n lig ht sour c e s will have no di scernib l e di fferences in bri g . i t e i ll htness. in other ap plications th e ac c e ptab le lig ht o utput is determ ined by stri ct minimum and maximum limits as set forth by regu l a tory organizati ons. in this type of application, a design er ca n mee t , for examp l e, a 10 to 20lum e n l i ghtin g system req u i r em ent b y using ten 1to 2lumen emitters, five 2 to 4lumen emitters, or one 10 to 20 lumen emitter. this simple exampl e demonstrat es how the ratio of the maximumto minim u m requirement is tra n sfer abl e fro m the lighting system to the individual emitters. of cou r se, this simplifie d exam ple assu mes that the lighti n gsystem optic is perfectly effici ent. a dditio nal emi tters may be required to account for in effici en ci es in the opti c s or to provid e the de sire d lit a ppe ar an ce . ple a se r e fer to a ppli catio n n o te ab205 s eco nd ary o p tic design consi d er atio ns for supe rf lux le ds for furth e r inf o rm ation. in both types of appli cati o ns, ratios are m o re impo rtant tha n arit hmeti c di ffere nc es in fl ux wh en sel ecti n g an led li ght sourc e . 7.1 lists the minim u m and m a ximum dominant wave le ngth fo r ea ch c o lo r c a tego ry. as for lumi nous flux, lumil eds use s a single set of color category definiti ons for both s u perflux & snap led le ds. the hum an e ye is less sen s itive to differ e n ces in col o r n e a r the r e d en d of the col o r sp ec trum. lumi l eds me asur em ent systems and c o l o r category w i dt hs have also been desi gned to be mo re p r e c i s e in amb e r th an in re doran ge . the d i ffer e n c e in na no meters between the bottom of cat ego r y 1 and the top of category 3 is larg er fo r re do r a n ge led s (hpw xxh0 0 ) than for amb e r le ds (hpw xxl00). how e ve r, the per c e i ved c o l o r diffe re nc e betw ee n cate gori e s 1 and 3 is sim ilar fo r amb e r and red o r a n ge. voltage category definitions the thi r d di git of lumil eds category cod e provi d es info r m ation reg a r d ing the fo rw ar d voltage, v f , of the leds in th e tube or bundle. the table titled for w a r d vo l t age in fig u re 7.1 defin e s these forw ar d voltag e cate g o r ies. agai n, lumi l eds us e s a single set of categ ori e s for both snaple d & superflux leds. however, the hpwase r ies leds use the low e r to mid ra nge voltage cate g ori e s; whe r e a s , the hpwt & h p ws series leds use the mid to higher voltage cate g ori e s. b 2 3 c a tegory c o de mi n ma x a 0. 6 1. 2 b 1. 0 1. 8 c 1. 5 2. 4 d 2. 0 3. 0 e 2. 5 3. 6 f 3. 0 4. 2 g 3. 5 4. 8 h 4. 0 6. 1 j 5. 0 7. 3 l 6. 0 9. 7 m 8. 0 12. 0 lum i nou s fl ux b i n l i mi t s ( l m) bi n c o de mi n ma x 0 62 2 64 5 1 61 1 61 8 2 61 4 62 2 3 61 6 63 1 hp w t -x l 0 0 1 58 7 59 1 2 58 9 59 4 3 59 2 59 7 do mi n a n t w avel en g t h bi n c o de bi n l i m i t s ( n m ) hp w t -x d 0 0 hp w t -x h 0 0 1 45 9 46 6 2 46 4 47 1 3 46 9 47 6 4 47 4 48 1 5 47 9 48 6 6 48 4 49 1 1 48 9 49 6 2 49 4 50 1 3 49 9 50 6 4 50 4 51 1 5 50 0 51 6 6 51 4 52 1 hp w n -x g 0 0 1 51 9 52 6 2 52 4 53 1 3 52 9 53 6 4 53 4 54 1 5 53 9 54 6 6 54 4 55 1 hp w n -x b0 0 hp w n -x c0 0 hp w a / hp w t -s e r i e s mi n ma x y 1. 8 3 2. 0 7 z 1. 9 5 2. 1 9 0 2. 0 7 2. 3 1 1 2. 1 9 2. 4 3 2 2. 3 1 2. 5 5 3 2. 4 3 2. 6 7 4 2. 5 5 2. 7 9 5 2. 6 7 2. 9 1 6 2. 7 9 3. 0 3 7 2. 9 1 3. 1 5 hp w n -s e r i e s mi n ma x 2 3. 0 0 3. 4 0 3 3. 2 0 3. 6 0 4 3. 4 0 3. 8 0 5 3. 6 0 4. 0 0 6 3. 8 0 4. 2 0 7 4. 0 0 4. 4 0 8 4. 2 0 4. 6 0 b i n l i m i ts ( v olt) bi n c o de fo r w a r d v o lt a g e bi n c o de b i n l i m i ts ( v olt) figure 7.1 the superfl u x led category cod e system. n otes: 1. superflux c a t egories reference i f = 70ma for h p wa/h pwt, i f = 50ma for h p wn , t a =25 c, r th(j a ) = 200 c/w 2. refer to application note ab204 thermal management considerations for superflux leds fo r discus sio n o f r ja an d t j . 5 device types, option codes and part numbers lumi l eds us e s an alp h a n u m eri c co de, for examp l e hp wtmh 00, to descr i be d e vi ce types. the inf o rm ation i n the te ch nic a l data she e t desc rib e s the ch ar act eristics a n d perf orm a nce of each devi ce type. when placing an o r de r, it is import a nt that custom ers us e pa rt numbers, not device types. part numbers consist of the device type followed by a 5digit option cod e (e.g. 000 00). the o p tion co de incl ud es info r m ation abo u t the mini mum f l ux, flux ra nge, c o lo r r a ng e, forw ar d voltage r a n g e , and speci al r e q u ir eme n ts for the spec ific p a rt num be r. plea se cont act yo ur lo cal lumi l e ds lig h ting f i el d sales en gin e e r for mo re infor m atio n re gar d in g avai la ble d e vic e types and option cod e s. packaging of superflux leds tubes of leds supe rf lux & snap led leds are p a c k a g e d in tubes, ea ch o f whic h co ntai ns 60 leds. the leds in any individual tu b e com e from a singl e cate gory c o d e . this me ans that they are all w e ll matched for lightoutpu t, color, and forward voltage. ea ch tube c o ntai ns a ru bbe r stop per at each end. if the tube is held so that the lettering on the label is upright, th en the lab e l wi ll b e near the rig h t end of the tube, and all the led s will be or ie nted s o that the ch a m fer e d co rn er of the led pa ckag e is on the left. this c h amf e r e d cor n e r id entifi es the cat hod e lea d s of the led. the tube label has both al p h a num eri c a n d bar c o de i n for m a t io n . f i gu re 7 . 2 sh o w s a sa mp l e lab e l taken fro m a superflux led tube. each lab e l includes the lumileds logo, the led devic e type in alph an ume r i c above th e cor r es pon d in g bar cod e , a lar g e 3 digit cate gory c o d e , a lot cod e for lumileds internal use, the 3 dig i t catego r y co de r e pe ated i n alp h a num eri c over th e co rr e s pond i ng b a r cod e , the qu antity (whi ch is al wa ys 60 piec es), and a date code. lumileds dat e code consists of the last two digits of the year fol l ow ed by a tw odi git week numb er. date code 0 301 is the first week of 2003, or the week of january 1, 2003. date cod e 035 2 is the last we ek of 2003, or the week of decem be r 31, 2003. ple a se not e that tube lab e ls inc l ud e the devi ce typ e an d 3di git cate gory c o d e , but not the specifi c pa rt n u mb er used fo r ord e ring (devi ce ty pe pl us option code). 4 25 23 15 12 35 38 62 75 97 108 figure 7.2 example of s u p e rflux led tu be lab e l (dimensions i n mm). all tolerances 2 6 bundles of leds individ u a l tub e s ar e com b in ed into b u n d l e s of twenty for su per f l u x and t e n for s n ap le d. as with the individual tube s, b und les co ntai n tubes from a sin g le cate gory c o d e . the r efo r e a ll leds in the b und le ar e wel l matc hed fo r lig hto utput, colo r, an d for w a r d voltag e. all of the tube s are oriented in the same dir ecti o n. eac h bu ndl e is shri nkw rap p e d in pl astic a s shown i n fi gur e 7.3. a sample bund le label i s shown i n fi gure 7.4. the foll o w ing info rmati o n is alw a ys incl ud ed on the b u ndle label: lu mileds part number, 3 digit cat ego r y cod e , lot cod e (for lu mile d s internal use), quantity (1,200 pieces per supe rf lux, 60 0 pie ces pe r snap led), an d the date code range. in addi tion, the following fields a r e pr ovided for cu stomer s pe cific in for m a t ion : vend or code, custom er p a rt numb e r, customer revisio n lev e l, and custom er pur c h a se or d e r num be r. the r e ar e some r e strictions r e g a rdi n g the form at of ea ch fiel d, so ple a se co nsul t your lumi l eds l i gh ting fi eld sal e s engin e e r if you req u i r e inf o rm ation i n these custom ers pe cific fields. lumileds occasionally c r e a tes speci al p a r t num be rs to acco mmod a te speci al c u sto m er req u i r em ents. these sp eci a l part n u mb er s are simila r to our standa rd p a rt num be rs exce pt the h at the beginning of th e n u mb er is re pla ced by a q, and the two 0s in th e seco nd g r o u p of digits are repl aced by a uni q ue tw odi git num eri c cod e to ide n tify the specifi c custom er req u i r em ents (e.g. qpwtd h99 e0 000.) bundl e lab e ls for thes e special p a rt s will be label e d with the spe c ial p a rt numb e r. h o weve r, indivi d u al tube la bels w i l l conta i n o n ly the devi ce typ e an d cate gory c o d e . boxes of leds eac h box of supe rf lux led s contai ns ten bundles, or 1 2 ,000 leds. the b o x dimensions are 510 x 255 x 115 mm (l x w x h). all of the bu ndle san d c o n s eque n t ly all of the sup e rflux ledsa re i n the same o r i e ntation. lumi l eds b u n d les ou r sup e rfl u x leds in na rro w cate gor ies a n d uses the op tion co de po rt ion of our p a rt n u m b er to d e scribe the categories used fo r ea ch part. lumi l ed s has foun d that this provi d es a hi g h er value to our customers than enl a r g in g ou r cate gor ies so that every b o x, shipment, or series of ship ments includes only one category. lumileds ships superflux leds in 1,200 pi ece matched b u ndles, but lumi leds does not offer a single category for a whole box, shipment, or series of shipments. the semiconductor material th at generates the light emitted by superfl u x leds is made i n bat c hes of wafe rs. thes e wafe rs ar e then cut into small, indivi du al dio d e s, whic h a r e pla ced i n sup e r f lux led pa ckag e s . the ele c tri c al an d optic a l figure 7.3 example of s u p e rflux led bu nd le. 7 ch ar acte r istic s of these indi vidua l diod es vary ac ross a waf e r, betwe e n wa fers, and b e t w e e n batches of wafers. in ad dition, the placement of these tiny dio d es in su pe rf lux led pa ckages ca n influ e n ce the el ectri ca l and o p tic a l perf orm a nce of the sup e rfl u x led. therefore, ea ch b a tch of supe rfl u x leds spans several categories. in addition, th e e x act distrib u ti on is not pe rfectly pre d ict a bl e: minut e ch an g e s in source elem ents, other mat e ri als, or process con d itio ns ca n affect the d i stributio n of a batc h of wafers or s u perflu x led s . finally, gr o w in g semicond ucto r material and buildi n g it int o superflux le ds is a leng thy process. offeri ng a singl e cate g o r y or even a small n u mb er of categories for a whol e box, shipm e nt, or seri es of shipments would result in fre q ue n t in te rr uption s in supp ly. shifts in demand or sup p ly distributio n would result in a shortage of superfl u x leds in one ra nge an d surpl u ses in other r a n g es. 8 typical category distributions for superflux & snapled leds and their effect on the lighting system and assembly process design all superflux & snap led leds span sev e ral cate gor ies. th e tech ni cal d a ta sheet a n d fig u r e 7.1 desc rib e the full ra nge o f catego r i e s for ea ch p r od uct type. for ex a m ple hpwt m h0 0 pro d ucts rang e from 61 1 to 634 nm, fro m 1.0 to 9.7 lm, and from 2.19 to 3.03 v. this sectio n will b r iefly dis c uss the causes of these vari ations and th eir effec t on exterio r li ghtin g system and assembly process desi gn. the vari ation i n dominant wav e length is the easiest to explain and will b e ad dress e d first. this wil l be fol l ow ed by expla n atio ns of forw ard voltage and l u mino us flux output va r i ations. altho u gh lum i no us flux output is typically the most import ant parameter, it will be easier to explai n aft e r variatio ns i n domi n a n t wav e le ngth a n d f o rw ar d voltag e ar e und ersto o d. variation s in dominant wavelength (color) for m o st appl icatio ns, the full r a ng e of co lor is ac cept a bl e. lumil eds splits the col o r r a n g es into cate gor ies to ac comm odat e the diffe re nc es in reg i on al c o lo r req u i r em ents of our ta rget mar k ets. due to local reg u l a tions, some appl ic ations may re qui r e p a rts from o n ly cate gor ies 1 & 2 ; while ap p licati o ns in other reg i on al ma r k ets may req u ir e pa rts from o n ly cate gor ies 2 & 3 . for appl i catio ns witho u t strict local requi r em ents, all col o r categories should b e ac cept a bl e. figure 7.4 example of s u p e rflux led bu nd le lab e l. 9 offeri ng o n ly one o r two c o lor c a teg o ri es for a whole shipment, or series of shipments requires overbuil ding, hig h er invento r y levels, and a hig h level of p r od uction ov ersig h t to avoid freq uent interruptions in supply. shift s in demand can result in a shortage of superfl u x leds in one of the col o r c a te gori e s an d a surp lus in th e o t hers. theref ore, supplying sup e rflux leds for appl ic ations that all o w o n ly one o r two c o lor categories sig n ificantl y increases lumileds man u fa cturi n g cost, and wi ll thus res u lt in a pri ce p r emi u m to the custome r . part nu mbe r s req u i r ing only one o r two co lor categ o ri es also req u i r e a lo ng er le ad time b e twe e n pl ac in g the ord e r and receiving ship ment. c u stomers that ca n ac ce pt only on e or two colo r cate g o r ies must wor k cl o s ely with thei r lumi l eds repres entativ e to ensure continuity of supply. the actu a l co l o r r a ng es for hpwase r ies and hpwts eri e s superflux le ds are slig htly different. h p wt & h p ws s eri e s leds a r e typically more red than h p wa s e r ie s sup e rf lu x leds. h o wev e r, a single set of color category definitions is used for bot h series. as lumileds ga in s e x per i en ce w i th specific se mic o ndu c tor mater i als, vari ation is gr ad u a lly de cr eas e d . lumi l eds is w o rking to achi e ve this by im provi n g our und ersta n ding of th e se mico nd ucto r material, the appropriate proc e ss an d mate r i al cont rols, and by worki n g wi th reg u lato ry bodi es throughout the world to standa rdiz e col o r definitions. lumileds w o ul d lik e to work together with our customers to infl ue nc e re gio n al regulatory bodies to move towa rd mo re f a vor a bl e c o lor ra n g e s an d c o lor me asu r emen t te ch n i que s for leds. variation s in forward voltage as with colo r, most appli cati o ns ca n a c c e p t the full ra ng e of forw ard volt age. in fact, most led de vice s in th e in du str y ar e not c a t e g or ized ac cor d in g to forw ar d voltag e. lumil eds, how e ve r, has dete rmin ed th at categ orizi n g our hig h p ow er l e ds acco rdi n g to their for w ard voltage ca n signifi c a n tly inc r ease th e effici en cy of our customers lighting systems. resistors and other ci r c uitry are typic a lly req u i r ed i n vol t age driv en c i rc uits to ensur e that all the l e ds rec e ive the sa me cu rr ent. it is important to control th e c u r r e nt goi ng thr o ugh each led to avoid ther ma ll y i n du ce d fa il ure s refer to application n o te ab 204 th er ma l man a ge me nt co nside r ati o n s for supe rfl u x leds for furt h e r dis c ussio n s on exc eed ing the maximum junction tem p erature of the leds. ho weve r, in li ghtin g systems that inclu d e a lar g e num be r of le ds, the drive cir c uit r y ca n b e a significant source of hea t. if leds from a s i ngle forw ar d voltag e cate g o r y ar e used, the n they c a n be pl aced in p a rallel witho u t sacrifici n g co ntrol of the cu rr ent flo w in g thro ug h ea ch led. th i s simplifies the drivi n g ci rcuit desig n all o wi ng it to be lo cate d in the wi re ha rn e ss or in an oth e r location far from the ledsplease refer to appli catio n note ab203 e l ectri ca l co nside r ati o n s for supe rfl u x leds for a more in depth d i scuss i on o n voltag e consid er atio n s for lighting systems. a single d r ive cir c uit d e sign may be us ed for lumi l eds w h ole r a n g e of voltag e cate g o r ies. it is only important that leds pla ced i n pa ral l el with ea ch oth e r a ll com e from a singl e voltag e cate gory. l u m ileds m a r k s the voltag e ca tegory cle a rly o n the side of ea ch t u be and o n th e outside of e a c h bu ndl e . the r efo r e, pl aci ng leds from different categories in parall el with each othe r ca n easi l y be avoid e d. how e ve r, in assembly processes that al l o w r e wo r k , it is impo rtant to c o nsid er volta g e cate g o r ies wh en rep l a c in g led s . because it i s difficult to e ffe c t ively mista k e pr oof th e r e work process to avoid mixi ng v o ltag e cate g o r ies, lu mile ds does not re comm e n d r e movi ng and rep l a c in g leds du rin g r e w o rk ope r a t ion s . to un de rstan d vari ation i n led forw ar d voltag e, it is convenient to separa te variation in the turn on voltag e fro m variati o n in seri es resista n ce (refer to appli catio n not e ab203 el ect ric a l co nside r ati o n s for supe rfl u x leds for a more detail d e script ion of thes e two parameters). the turn on volt ag e is high er i n amb e r d e vic e s than in redo r ang e devicesthis is a fund amental property of the semico nductor e n e r gy ban d gap. in o r der to achiev e the shorter wavelengt h , a hig h e r tur n o n voltag e is r e qu ir ed. th er efor e, the for w a r d voltag e of amb e r p a rts is typically abo u t 100 mv higher than that of redo r ange parts. the se ri es res i stanc e of hp wt & hpws s eri e s alingap leds is higher th an that of h p waseries alingap leds . this is th e result of the higher resistivity of the trans p ar ent material and of the uni qu e pro ces s lumil eds us es to join the transp ar ents u bstrat e an d the lig hte mitting epitaxi a l lay e r s . ther efor e, at 70 ma the forw ar d voltage of hp wtseries ali n g a p leds is typically 400 mv hi gher than that of hpwaseries leds. th is tr an spar en t su bs tr ate p r oc ess also intro d u ces m o re va ri ation i n seri es resist an ce. the r ef or e, more c a teg o ri es ar e re qui r e d for hpwts eries superflux leds than for hpwa seri es supe rf l u x leds. lumi l eds for w a r d voltag e pro cess imp r oveme n t efforts ar e foc u sed o n re du cin g both the vari ation and th e mag n itude of the se ries r e sistan c e of our leds. variation s in luminous flu x (light- output) according to the table titled lumi n o u s flu x in fig u r e 7.1, the hpwts eri e s led lighto u t put ca n ra ng e fro m 1.0 lm to 9.7 lm. this range is not ideal for most applications. first, almost ten times as many 1.0 lm leds as 9.7 lm leds wou l d be req u ir ed to me et a spec ific mi ni mum light o utp u t re qui r em en t. in addition, some appl ications require matc hing of lamps on the left and r i ght s i de of the ve hi cle, e.g. re ar comb in ation l a mps. th er efore, flux c a teg o ry informatio n is impo rtant to virtually all lig hti n g system designs. cu rr ently l u m ileds do es not manuf actu r e hpwt series superflux leds span ning this full rang e of lightoutput. c u rrent prod uc tion un its do n o t pop ulate th e brig htest cate gori e s in la rg e amo unts. ho weve r, on e of lumi l eds mo st impo rtant go als is the impro v ement of led mater i al b r ig htness. neve rthel e ss, it is important for lig hting d e signs to acco mmod a te sev e ral flux cate gor ies. the n u mb er of leds req u i r ed for a specifi c ap pli c ation c a n b e c a lc ulat ed bas e d on the minimum lightoutput r e qui r em ent for the lighti n g system, the minim u m supe rfl u x led flux cate gory to b e used, the ar ea to be ill umi n ate d , 10 and th e op er a t ing co nditio n s (voltage ra n g e, ambi ent temp er atur e ra ng e, therm a l resist an ce, etc). once the number of leds required has been det e rmined, the mi nimum flux category is set. there is typically no maximum category bec a us e the drive cu rr ent or the o p tica l transmitta nc e of the cove r le ns ca n be r e d u c e d to accommodate more e fficient leds. please refer to application n o te ab 203 el ec tr i c a l co nside r ati o n s for supe rfl u x leds for furt he r infor m atio n o n the effe cts of oper a ting con d itio ns an d drive cir c uit r y f the optical d e sign efficiently matches the target radiation pattern eg v do es not have to e near the maximum in order to get offaxis test points a ove thei r mini mums then a singl e drive cu rr ent ca n typical ly e used fo r fou r or mor e flux cate gori e s o we ver as menti o ned aov e due to proc essim pr oveme n t effor t s lumi l eds ex p ects ave r ag e l i ght outp ut to in cr ea se over time t some point the leds avail a l e from lumil eds wil l exce ed th e flu x category rang e allo wale using the i n itial d r ive cu rr ent the d r ive c u r r e n t or lens transmittance will have to e lowered to accomm odat e the rig hter leds therefore it is imperative that lighti n g system desig n ers incl ud e info rm ation reg a r d in g the modifi catio ns req u i r ed to ac comm odat e ri g hte r flux cate gor ies in t h ei r pro d uct and p r ocess documentati on thi s informatio n should e do cumented so that the engi ne er i n ch arg e of the p r odu ct dur i ng i t s seco nd o r third year of p r od uctio n will e al e to find it and efficie n tly imple m ent the c h a n g e over rig ht leds may e incl ud ed in li ghting s ystem r i s an alyse s e g f a ilu r e mode an d effects nalyses fm e optical designs that do no t efficiently match the req u i r ed rad i a t ion patte rn o r that req u ir e c l osely matched lamps eg rc l may not e ale to ac comm odat e four fl ux cat ego r ies th es e lighti n g system designs require an assemly process that ca n ad u st dri v ing ci rc uitry or cov e r l e ns transmitta nc e ase d on the flux cate gory cod e gai n pleas e refe r to ppli c ation ote ele c tric al c o n s ider atio ns for supe rfl u x le ds for further inf o rm ation o n selecting driv e ci rcuitry low e r i ng th e drive cu rr ent prev ents mor e effici ent leds from ex ce edi n g the maximu m ligh t output specifi cati o n o weve r if it is possile lo we rin g the numer of leds req u ired to fulfill a sp ecifi c lighti n g requirement is usually a more cos t effective sol u ti on n most automotive applications the numer of light sources in a lig hting sy stem ca nnot e ch ang e d w i tho u t a compl e te r e desi gn or fres he nin g of the vehi cle n these situa t ions lowering the drive current or optical trans m ittance of the system ar e the on ly feasil e solutio n s o weve r in o t her a ppli cati o nssu c h as tru c us or aftermar e t light ing it is possil e to red u c e the n u m e r of emi tters in respons e to impr ovem ents in led effici e n cy samples with data for optical system characterization the ele c tri cal mode ls provi d ed in ap plic ati o n n o te ab203 ele c tric al c o n s ider atio ns for superflux leds are suita b l e for co nd ucti ng feasibi lity studies an d for pr edi c ting wo r s t case scen ar ios. ho weve r, wh en desig n in g an led lighti n g system, it is important that optical prototyp es be used frequently during the devel o pm ent pro cess to co nfirm th at ther e is sufficient light at each test point to meet photom etri c r e qu ir eme n ts and that the lit app e a r a n c e is acc epta ble. l u mil e ds do es not offer samples from the ex act bottom (or top) of each category . h o wev e r, lumileds can provide data lo gged sampl e s for us e in opti cal p r ototypes. in addition to labeling each t u be of leds with the flux, colo r, an d voltage cate gori e s of the devic e s; data lo gged sampl e s are retested in order to re cor d the av er age, mi nimu m, and maxi mum lumi nous flux, domin ant w a vele ngth, an d forw ar d voltage fo r ea ch sam p le set of leds. this data can be us ed to predict the brightness of a lighting system constructed with le ds at the low e r limit of the lumi no us flux spec ific ation. this me as ur eme n t pro cess is sui t able fo r only a small q u antity of leds due to the labor and testing required. requesting flux category selections customers int e rested in o b taini n g a s u perfl u x led pro d u c t with a mi nimu m flux categ or y brighter than b , or with a maximum flux limit, shoul d co ntac t their lu mileds lighting field sales en gin e e r . lumil eds us es the optio n cod e portio n of the part n u mb er t o cr eate a li mi ted quantity of special part numbers with higher minim u m flux cate gor ies a n d/o r a r e strict ed flux range b a sed on our projec t e d flux distri b u tion. thes e spe c ial prod ucts re q u ir e ca ref u l man a g e me nt by lumil eds to ensu re conti nuity of supply. th er ef ore, they a r e t y pica lly mor e expe nsive tha n stand a rd p r odu cts that acc ept ou r fu l l di str i bu ti on . in a d d i ti on, the stand a r d lead time for these sp ec ial pr od ucts may ch ang e mo re freq ue ntly, an d dimme r options may become obsolete as typical su p e rflux led lighto utput in cr ea se s. 12 company information lumileds future electronics ? brings a un ique relationship to the customer focused on delivering worldclass produ c ts, engineerin g, support and services that make it easier to develop and m a nufacture "ne v er before pos s ible" lu xeonbased solution s. by its ch arter, only lumileds future electronics provides a comprehensive range of services de s i gned to enable customers to develop and b r ing products to market more quickly and e ffic i ently. with en gineering reso urce centers ( e rc), comprehensiv e technical solutions support, worldwide in v e ntory, custom product selection, 24 hour customer suppo rt, global supply chain capab ilities and the luxeo n lighting net w ork?, lumile d s future electronics is positioned to meet all your n eeds. lumile ds may mak e proces s or materials changes affec t ing the performa nc e or other characteristic s of luxeon. these pro d uc ts supp lied aft e r such c h ang e wi ll conti nue to meet publis hed specifica tions , but may not be ident i cal to products s u p p li ed as sample s or under pr ior orders. lumileds www.luxeon.com www.lu mileds.c om www.lu miledsfu t u re.com for technical a ssista n ce or the locatio n of your nearest lumile ds future electro ni cs sales office, call: in north am er ica: 1- 888- luxeon2 (589- 3662) in asia: 800- lumi led s (586- 4533) in europ e : +00 800 443 88873 fax: 408- 435- 6 855 email us at inf o @ l u m iled s.com lumile ds li ght i ng, ll c 370 west trimb l e road san jo se, ca 9 5131 future electro ni cs 237 hymus b l v d . pointe- c la ire, q u ebec h9r 5c7 ? 2005 l u m i l e ds lig h ti ng. a l l ri ghts r e ser v ed. lum ileds l i gh ti ng is a j o in t v e n t ur e bet w ee n agi l e n t te c hnolo gies a n d ph ilip s ligh ti ng. l u xeon is a t r ad em ark of l u m i leds lig h t i ng , u . s . l l c . prod uc t sp ecif i c a tio n s are sub j e c t to ch ang e wi tho u t no ti ce. public ation n o . ab 207 (08/2005) 13 |
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