solid-state optical mouse sensor with ps/2 and quadrature outputs technical data HDNS-2000 features ? optical navigation technology C superior precision and smooth navigation optimized for desktop and portable mouse applications C no mechanical parts, provides high reliability and needs no maintenance ? complete compact 2-d motion sensor C easy implementation and design flexibility C replaces mechanical ball system in traditional mice ? two selectable output modes C standard 3-button ps/2 output mode C two channel quadrature output mode (x and y direction) which emulates encoder phototransistors ? high speed motion detection C accurately measures up to 12 inches per second at 400 cpi ? accurate navigation over a wide range of surfaces C enables mouse to be used with or without a mouse pad ? power conservation mode during no motion ? compatible with high volume manufacturing processes C requires no precision optical alignment C wave solderable applications ? computer mice for desktop pcs, workstations and portable computers ? integrated input devices description the HDNS-2000 is a low-cost reflective optical sensor that provides a non-mechanical tracking engine for implementing a computer mouse. it is based on optical navigation technology which measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images (frames) and mathemat- ically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. the sensor is mounted in a plastic optical package and designed to be used with the hdns-2100 (lens), hdns-2200 (led assembly clip), and hlmp-ed80 (high light output 639 nm led), providing a complete and compact tracking engine. this optical tracking engine has no moving parts and requires no precision optical align ment enabling high volume system assembly. the HDNS-2000 offers a ps/2 or quadrature output mode for interface flexibility. resolution is specified as 400 cpi at rates of motion up to 12 inches per second. caution: it is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by esd.
2 theory of operation the HDNS-2000 is based on optical navigation technology. it contains an image acquisition system (ias), digital signal processor (dsp), and a mode selectable ps/2 or quadrature output converter. the ias acquires images of microscopic surface images via the lens and illumination system provided by the hdns-2100, hdns-2200 and the hlmp-ed80. these images are further processed by the dsp to determine direction and distance of motion. the dsp generates a stream of d x and d y relative displacement values ordering information specify part number as follows: HDNS-2000 = sensor ic in a 16-pin optical plastic package, 20 per tube. which are then communicated to the output converter. this con- verter provides a ps/2 3-button output, replacing existing mouse microcontrollers, or two channel quadrature output, for direct interface to existing mouse microcontrollers. figure 1. HDNS-2000 block diagram. figure 2. HDNS-2000 sensor package outline drawing. image
acquisition
system digital
signal
processor ps/2 or quad
output
converter kapton tape 3.18
(0.125) 5.15
(0.203) 9.10
(0.358) 12.34
(0.486) dimensions in millimeters (inches) 1.42
(0.056) 0.99
(0.039) 6.17
(0.243) 5?typ. 0.25
(0.010) pin 1 22.30
(0.878) 2.54
(0.100) 1.27
(0.050) 0.50
(0.020) lead width lead offset lead pitch 13.38
(0.527) 6.02
(0.237) 4.55
(0.179) ? 5.60
(0.220) ? 0.80
(0.031) h2000
yyww
3 pinout pin name ps/2 mode quadrature mode 1 ps2_c ps/2 interface clock ps/2 interface clock 2 mode/xa select ps/2 mode xa output 3 rb/xb right button input xb output 4 mb/yb middle button input yb output 5 lb/ya left button input ya output 6 xy_led led control output led control output 7v dd3 3.3 vdc input 3.3 vdc input 8 refb internal reference internal reference 9 osc1 oscillator input oscillator input 10 gnd ground ground 11 osc2 oscillator output oscillator output 12 gnd ground ground 13 v dd5 5 vdc input 5 vdc input 14 v dd5 5 vdc input 5 vdc input 15 nreset nreset nreset 16 ps2_d ps/2 interface data ps/2 interface data 2d assembly drawing of HDNS-2000 shown with hdns-2100, hdns-2200, and hlmp-ed80. agilent provides an iges file drawing describing the base plate molding features for lens and pcb alignment. see hdns-2100 technical data sheet for more information. figure 3. dimensions in millimeters (inches) 19.10
(0.752) 44.29
(1.744) esd lens ring base plate +x +y 13.82
(0.544) 14.58
(0.574) 10.58
(0.417) 7.45
(0.293) base plate
alignment post sensor pcb clip plastic spring surface is 0 ref.
4 exploded view drawing figure 4. typical application using ps/2 output hdns-2200 (clip) hlmp-ed80 (led) HDNS-2000 (sensor) customer supplied pcb hdns-2100 (lens) customer supplied base plate
with recommended alignment
features per iges drawing v dd5 v dd5 13 14 2 mode/xa ps2_c 1 ps2_d 16 rb 3 mb 4 lb 5 clk (5) data (1) gnd (3) l buttons gnd gnd 10 12 18.432 mhz 0.1 ? 0.22 ? 7 8 0.1 ? 1.0 ? refb xy_led nreset 6 15 3.3 v
regulator
lp2950acz-3.3 r1 2n3904 hlmp-ed80 surface +5 v (4) 5 3 1 2 6 4 ps/2
connector v dd3 HDNS-2000
lens internal
image
sensor hdns
2000 m r osc1 osc2 9 11 18.432 mhz ceramic resonator such as
avx kbr-18-43-msa or
murata csa18.43mxz040 led
bin 68.9
68.9
68.9
68.9
78.9
93.1
113
137
169 k
l
m
n
p
q
r
s
t r1 value
(ohms)
5 typical application using quadrature output absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol min. max. units notes storage temperature t s -40 85 c operating temperature t a 040c lead solder temperature 260 c for 10 seconds, 1.6 mm below seating plane (see hlmp-ed80 data sheet for led solder specifications) supply voltage v dd3 -0.5 3.6 v supply voltage v dd5 -0.5 5.5 v esd 2 kv all pins, human body model input voltage v in -0.5 v dd5 +0.5 v all i/o except osc1 and osc2 input voltage v in -0.5 v dd3 +0.5 v osc1 and osc2 notes:
1) due to the cypress implementation of usb suspend mode support, the nreset pin of the HDNS-2000 must be reset
using a line from the cypress chip. the reason for this is that the cypress chip does not configure the port
input pins until after it has received a bus reset from the usb port. the unconfigured input port pins present
a 16 k w pullup to v cc . if a cap is used on nreset (pin 15), this pullup will result in the HDNS-2000 seeing a high on
the mode pin and powering up in the ps/2.
2. the quadrature input pins of the cypress part must be programmed to be hi-z, instead of the normal current
pulldowns. this ensures that the HDNS-2000 will be able to pull the quadrature lines high over all
conditions of voltage and temperature. recommended led bin table led bin category k l m n p q r s t r1 value 69.8 w 69.8 w 69.8 w 69.8 w 78.7 w 93.1 w 113 w 137 w 169 w note: the 69.8 w resistor for bins k through n is determined by the absolute maximum rating of 50 ma for the hlmp-ed80. the other resistor values for other bins will guarantee good signals with reduced power. v dd5 v dd5 13 14 2 mode/xa xb 3 yb 4 ya 5 15 d d+ gnd gnd 10 12 18.432 mhz 0.1 ? 7 8 0.1 ? 1.0 ? refb xy_led nreset 6 3.3 v
regulator
lp2950acz-3.3 r1 2n3904 hlmp-ed80 surface v dd v dd3 HDNS-2000
lens internal
image
sensor hdns
2000 osc1 osc2 9 11 18.432 mhz ceramic resonator such as
avx kbr-18-43-msa or
murata csa18.43mxz040 ps2_c ps2_d 116 d 13 d+ 14 xtalin 10 11 p0.4 p0.5 20 19 5 2 p0.1 p0.2 xtalout 3 p1.0 cypress
cy7c63000a-pc p0.3 p0.2 4 15 p0.7 p0.6 l r p1.2 6 m 17 18 vpp 8 vss 7 buttons panasonic
evq series
encoder p1.1 p0.0 1 16 4.7 ? 0.1 ? 12 v dd 9 cext 2n3906 1.5 m w 7.5 k w gnd shld 6 mhz 2.7 w 0.33 ? led
bin 68.9
68.9
68.9
68.9
78.9
93.1
113
137
169 k
l
m
n
p
q
r
s
t r1 value
(ohms)
6 recommended operating conditions parameter symbol min. typ. max. units notes operating temperature t a 040c supply voltage v dd3 3.15 3.3 3.45 v supply voltage v dd5 4.25 5.0 5.5 v clock frequency clk 17.4 18.432 18.7 mhz set by ceramic resonator resonator impedance x res 40 w reset capacitor c reset 0.001 0.22 10.0 m f distance from lens foot a 2.3 2.4 2.5 mm dimension a on hdns-2100 reference plane to surface data sheet speed s 0 12 in/sec 0 30 cm/sec acceleration acc 0 0.15 g light level onto ic irr inc 40 25000 mwm 2 l = 639 nm dc electrical specifications electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. typical values at 25 c, v dd 3=3.3, v dd 5=5.0 parameter symbol min. typ. max. units notes supply current (mouse moving) i dd3 9.3 15.5 ma supply current (mouse moving) i dd5 4.7 9.5 ma pin 6=0.6 v supply current (mouse not moving) i dd5 1.9 ma pin 6=0.6 v input low voltage v il 0.8 v input high voltage v ih 2v output low voltage (led) v ol 0.3 0.5 v i ol =2 ma output low voltage (xa,xb,ya,yb) v ol 0.5 v i ol =4 ma output high current (xa,xb,ya,yb) i oh 100 300 600 m av oh =2.1 v output high current (led) i ohbd 1.5 3.1 6 ma v be =0.6 v input pull-up (rb,mb,lb) i pu 100 300 600 m av in =0.8 v output low voltage (ps/2) v ol 0.41 0.5 v v ol =20 ma output pullup current (ps/2) i oh 300 625 1500 m av oh =2.0 v reset pullup current i reset 51020 m av nreset =2.0 v
7 i/o specifications ps/2 command set implementation the following commands are implemented. all other commands will cause an fe (resend) response from the HDNS-2000. a second invalid command will cause an fc (error) response from the HDNS-2000. valid values and (hex command ) mnemonics for default value mnemonic for and response command and description after software or command bytes response bytes hardware reset reset ff fa aa 00 ff ack id dt soft reset id=aa dt=0 resend fe nn .. fe nn.. resend last byte (i.e. ack) or packet set_dfs f6 fa f6 ack default setting disable f5 fa f5 ack disable stream mode {default mode} enable f4 fa f4 ack enable stream mode set_sampling f3 fa nn fa f3 ack nn ack set sampling rate {0a 14 28 3c 50 64 c8} 10 20 40 60 80 100 200 reports/ second read_dt f2 fa 00 f2 ack dt responds with dt=00 echo ee fa ee ack echo all further commands until no_echo or reset no_echo ec fa ec ack respond to following commands normally read_data eb fa nn nn nn eb ack nn nn nn request a data packet see ibm ps/2 mouse technical reference set_stream ea fa ea ack respond with data {default mode} packets at the sample rate set_prompt f0 fa f0 ack data only sent on read_data status e9 fa nn nn nn e9 ack nn nn nn request status packet see ibm ps/2 mouse technical reference set_scale e7 fa e7 ack pseudo log lin_scale e6 fa e6 ack linear {default mode} set_res e8 fa nn fa e8 ack nn ack set resolution {00 01 02 03} 2 4 8 16 counts/mm disable_test e8 fa aa fe e8 ack aa for test purposes only default mode after resend hardware reset.
8 ps/2 mode output waveforms host sending data timing diagram host receiving timing diagram t1 t2 t3 clk i/o
inhibit 1st
clk 2nd
clk 9th
clk 10th
clk 11th
clk (5) data start bit (1) (2) (2) (4) bit 0 parity bit stop
bit notes:
1) the mouse checks the data line. if the line is low, the system has data to transmit.
the data line is set inactive when the start bit (always 0) is placed on the data line.
2) the mouse samples the data line for each bit while the clk line is high.
data must be stable within 1 microsecond after the rising edge of the clk line.
3) the mouse checks for a high stop bit after the 10th clk. if the data line is low,
the mouse continues to clock until the data line becomes high, then clocks the
line-control bit, and at the next opportunity sends a resend command to the system.
4) the mouse pulls the data line low, producing the line-control bit.
5) the host can pull the clk line low, inhibiting the mouse. (3) timing parameter description min. time max. time t1 duration of clk high 30 ?ec 50 ?ec t2 duration of clk low 30 ?ec 50 ?ec t3 time from falling clk transition, to data transition 0 ?ec 30 ?ec host sending data timing t3 t4 t2 clk 1st
clk 2nd
clk 3rd
clk 10th
clk 11th
clk (1, 2) data start bit bit 0 bit 2 notes:
1) the host can hold the clock signal low to inhibit the next transmission.
2) the host raises the clock line to allow the next transmission.
3) all times given below assume an 18.432 mhz resonator and are dependent upon its accuracy. timing parameter description min. time max. time t1 time from data transition to falling edge of clk 5 ?ec 25 ?ec t2 5 ?ec 25 ?ec t3 time from rising edge of clk to data transition 30 ?ec 50 ?ec t1 bit 1 parity bit stop bit t5 t4 duration of clk high 30 ?ec 50 ?ec t5 time to mouse inhibit after clock 11 to ensure
the mouse does not start another transmission 0 ?ec 50 ?ec host receiving data timing duration of clk low
9 quadrature output mode waveform the 2 channel quadrature outputs are 5 v cmos outputs. the delta x count is used to generate the xa and xb quadrature signals. the delta y count is used to generate the ya and yb quadrature signals. delta x,y counts are in the range of +7 to -7 counts of motion and new delta x,y values are generated at a rate of 1500 hz. the quadrature signals can change at a maximum rate of 12.5 khz. ac electrical specifications electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. typical values at 25 c, v dd3 =3.3, v dd5 =5.0, a=2.4 mm, clk=18.432 mhz parameter symbol min. typ. max. units notes ps/2 baud rate fps2 10 12.5 15 kbaud ps/2 data transition delay t2 10 20 25 m s see ps/2 timing diagrams after ps/2_c rising edge ps/2 motion report rates 100 reports/sec see ps/2 command settings motion scale factor 400 counts/inch power up delay 100 ms c reset =0.22 m f typical performance characteristics typical performance of HDNS-2000 assembled as shown in figure 3 with hdns-2100 lens, hnds-2200 led assembly clip, and hlmp-ed80. figure 5. typical resolution vs. assembly height. figure 6. typical error vs. assembly height. 80 ? xb example quadrature output waveform (+x motion) xa 80 ? 80 ? 80 ? 80 ? 80 ? 450 300 150 0 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.2 distance from hdns-2100 lens foot
reference plane to surface (mm) resolution (counts/inch) 400 250 100 2.4 2.8 350 200 50 recommended
distance from
lens foot
reference
plane
to surface 10 7 3 0 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.2 distance from hdns-2100 lens foot
reference plane to surface (mm) average error (% of travel) 9 5 2 2.4 2.8 8 4 1 6 recommended
operating region paper
file folder white laminated
desktop wood (walnut) black cloth
mouse pad
figure 7. typical reported path vs. true path. figure 8. typical responsivity vs. wavelength. 70 50 20 0 010 30 6070 travel in x direction (mm) travel in y direction (mm) 60 20 40 30 10 40 50 true
reported 57 1.2 0.8 0.4 0 450 550 950 wavelength (nm) relative responsivity 1.0 650 750 0.2 0.6 850 www.semiconductor.agilent.com data subject to change. copyright ? 2000 agilent technologies, inc. obsoletes 5968-7179e (11/99) 5980-1088e (5/00)
|
