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? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2003 june, 2003 - rev. 2 1 publication order number: ncp1511/d ncp1511 advance information pwm buck converter with a very low iq during low load conditions the ncp1511 is a tri-mode regulator that operates either as a synchronized pwm buck converter, pwm buck converter with internal oscillator or as a pulsed switching regulator. if a synchronization signal is present, the ncp1511 operates as a current mode pwm converter with synchronous rectification. the optional external frequency input signal allows the user to control the location of the spurious frequency noise generated by a pwm converter. the pulsed switching regulator mode is active when the sync pin is low. the pulsed mode is an extremely low quiescent current buck converter. ncp1511 operates in a pwm mode with an internal oscillator when the sync pin is held high. the ncp1511 configuration allows the flexibility of efficient high power operation and low input current during system sleep modes. features ? synchronous rectification for higher efficiency in pwm mode ? pulsed switching mode operation for low current consumption at low loads ? integrated mosfets and feedback circuits ? cycle -by-cycle current limit ? automatic switching between pwm, with external or internal oscillator, and pulsed mode ? operating frequency range of 450 to 1000 khz ? internal 1.0 mhz oscillator ? thermal limit protection ? built -in slope compensation for current mode pwm converter ? 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 1.89 fixed output voltages ? shutdown current consumption of 0.2 a ? pb free package for green manufacturing applications ? cellular phones and pagers ? pda ? digital cameras ? supplies for dsp cores ? portable applications this document contains information on a new product. specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. device package shipping ordering information ncp1511fct1g tbd 9 pin micro bump fc suffix case 499e marking diagram pin connections (bottom v iew) pin: a1. - gndp a2. - lx a3. - vcc b1. - sync b2. - gnda b3. - fb c1. - shd c2. - cb1 c3. - cb0 http://onsemi.com c1 c2 c3 b1 b2 b3 a1 a2 a3 9 pin pb free micro bump xxxx yyww 1 xx = device code yy = year ww = work week
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 2 figure 1. applications circuit cb0 shutdown sync v out c out 10 v bat cb1 c in 10 l 6.8 h ncp1511 figure 2. block diagram sync v in v out v cc c in cb0 shd low iq pulsed cntrl pwm/ pfm cntrl control q1 c out fb l lx q2 gnda gndp cb1
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 3 pin function description pin no. symbol type description a1 gndp power ground ground connection for the nfet power stage. a2 lx analog output connection from power pass elements to the inductor. a3 vcc analog input power supply input for power and analog v cc . b1 sync analog input synchronization input for the pwm converter. if a clock signal is present, the converter uses the rising edge for the turn on. if this pin is low, the converter is in the pulsed mode. if this pin is high, the converter uses the internal oscillator for the pwm mode. this pin contains an internal pull down resistor. b2 gnda analog ground ground connection for the analog section of the ic. this is the gnd for the fb, ref, sync, cb, and shd pins. b3 fb analog input feedback voltage from the output of the power supply. c1 shd analog input enable for switching regulator. this pin is active high to enable the ncp1511. the shd pin has an internal pull down resistor to force the converter off if this pin is not connected to the external circuit. c2 cb1 analog input selects v out . this pin contains an internal pull up resistor. c3 cb0 analog input selects v out . this pin contains an internal pull down resistor. maximum ratings (note 1) rating symbol value unit maximum voltage all pins v max 5.5 v maximum operating voltage all pins v max 5.2 v thermal resistance, junction-to-air rja 159 c/w operating ambient temperature range t a - 30 to 85 c esd withstand voltage human body model (note 1) machine model (note 1) v esd > 2500 > 100 v moisture sensitivity msl level 1 storage temperature range t stg - 55 to 150 c junction operating temperature t j - 30 to 125 c 1. this device series contains esd protection and exceeds the following tests: human body model 2,000 v per mil- std- 883, method 3015. machine model method 200 v.
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 4 electrical characteristics (v in = 3.6 v, vo = 1.5 v, t a = 25 c, fsyn = 600 khz 50% duty cycle square wave for pwm mode; t a = 30 to 85 c for min/max values, unless otherwise noted. characteristic symbol min typ max unit vcc pin quiescent current of sync mode, i out = 0 ma iq pwm - 175 - a quiescent current of pwm mode, i out = 0 ma iq pwm - 185 - a quiescent current of pulsed mode, i out = 0 ma iq pulsed - 14 - a quiescent current, shd low iq off - 0.1 1.0 a input voltage range vin 2.5 - 5.2 v sync pin input v oltage vsync -0.3 - vcc + 0.3 v frequency operational range fsync 450 600 1000 khz minimum synchronization pulse width dcsync min - 30 - % maximum synchronization pulse width dcsync max - 70 - % sync ho voltage threshold vsynch - 920 1200 mv sync lo voltage threshold vsyncl 400 830 - mv sync ho input current, vsync = 3.6 v isynch - 2.2 - a sync lo input current, vsync = 0 v isyncl -0.5 - - a output level selection pins input v oltage vcb -0.3 - vcc + 0.3 v cb0, cb1 ho voltage threshold vcb h - 920 1200 mv cb0, cb1 lo voltage threshold vcb l 400 830 - mv cb0, cb1 ho input current, cb = 3.6 v icb h - 2.2 - a cb0, cb1 lo input current, cb = 0 v icb l -0.5 - - a shutdown pin input v oltage vshd -0.3 - vcc + 0.3 v shd ho voltage threshold vshd h - 920 1200 mv shd lo voltage threshold vshd l 400 830 - mv shd ho input current, shd = 3.6 v ishd h - 2.2 - a shd lo input current, shd = 0 v ishd l -0.5 - - a feedback pin input v oltage vfb -0.3 - vcc + 0.3 v input current, vfb = 1.5 v ifb - 5.0 7.5 a sync pwm mode characteristics switching p-fet current limit i lim - 800 - ma duty cycle dc - - 100 % minimum on time ton min - 75 - nsec rdson switching p-fet and n_fet rdson - 0.23 - switching p-fet and n-fet leakage current ileak - 0 10 a output overvoltage threshold vo - 5.0 - %
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 5 electrical characteristics (continued) (v in = 3.6 v, vo = 1.5 v, t a = 25 c, fsyn = 600 khz 50% duty cycle square wave for pwm mode; t a = 30 to 85 c for min/max values, unless otherwise noted. characteristic symbol min typ max unit sync pwm mode characteristics (continued) feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.0 v cb0 = l, cb1 = l v out 0.950 1.000 1.050 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.3 v cb0 = l, cb1 = h v out 1.261 1.300 1.339 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.5 v cb0 = h, cb1 = h v out 1.450 1.500 1.550 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.89 v cb0 = h cb1 = l v out 1.833 1.890 1.947 v load transient response 10 to 100 ma load step v out - 25 - mv line transient response, i out = 100 ma 3.0 to 3.6 vin line step v out - 5.0 - mvpp pwm mode with internal oscillator characteristics switching p-fet current limit i lim - 800 - ma duty cycle dc - - 100 % minimum on time ton min - 75 - nsec internal oscillator frequency fosc 800 1000 1240 khz rdson switching p-fet and n_fet rdson - 0.23 - switching p-fet and n-fet leakage current ileak - 0 10 a output overvoltage threshold vo - 5.0 - % feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.0 v cb0 = l, cb1 = l v out 0.950 1.000 1.050 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.3 v cb0 = l, cb1 = h v out 1.261 1.300 1.339 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.5 v cb0 = h, cb1 = h v out 1.450 1.500 1.550 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.89 v cb0 = h cb1 = l v out 1.833 1.890 1.947 v load transient response 10 to 100 ma load step v out - 25 - mv line transient response, i out = 100 ma 3.0 to 3.6 vin line step v out - 5.0 - mvpp pulsed mode characteristics minimum on time ton min - 50 - nsec output ripple voltage, i out = 100 a v out - 40 - mv feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.0 v cb0 = l, cb1 = l v out 0.950 1.000 1.050 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.3 v cb0 = l, cb1 = h v out 1.261 1.300 1.339 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.5 v cb0 = h, cb1 = h v out 1.450 1.500 1.550 v feedback voltage accuracy, v out set = 1.89 v cb0 = h cb1 = l v out 1.833 1.890 1.947 v
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 6 introduction the ncp1511 is a tri-mode regulator intended for use in baseband supplies for portable equipment. its unique features provide an efficient power supply for a portable device at full operating current, while also providing extremely low standby current for idle mode operation. when the system is idle, the user can activate the pulsed mode function. in this mode, the regulator provides a regulated low current output voltage keeping the system biased. when the device is in its normal operating mode, the regulator synchronizes to the system clock or uses an internal 1.0 mhz clock and turns into a switching regulator. this allows the regulator to provide efficient power to the system. this circuit is patent pending. operation description the buck regulator is a synchronous rectifier pwm regulator with integrated mosfets. this regulator has a pulsed function for low power modes to conserve power. the tri pwm with external or internal oscillator/pulsed mode is an exclusive patent pending circuit. for the pwm synchronization mode, the operating frequency range for the ncp1511 is 450 to 1000 khz. the output current of the pwm is optimized for 100 ma with a maximum current supply in excess of 300 ma for the 2.5 to 5.2 input voltage range. if the sync pin is held low, the ncp1511 changes into the pulsed mode. the pulsed function assures the user of an extremely low input current and greatly reduced quiescent current when the users system is in a sleep mode. internally to the ncp1511, the synchronization pin has a pull down resistor to force the part into pulsed mode when a clock signal is not present. the pulsed mode supplies a current in excess of 30 ma. if the sync pin is held high, ncp1511 enters a pwm mode with an internal 1.0 mhz oscillator. the pwm mode has the same operational characteristics (current limit, maximum output current, etc.) as the synchronized pwm mode. the sync pin threshold is fixed as noted in the electrical characteristics table. table 1. sync pin input with corresponding operational mode of ncp1511 sync pin state operational mode low low i q pulsed mode operation high pwm using internal oscillator for the clock clock pwm using rising edge of clock signal to turn on pfet pass element pwm mode with external synchronization signal during normal operation, a synchronization pulse acts as the clock for the dc/dc controller. the rising edge of the clock pulls the gate of q1 low allowing the inductor to charge. when the current through q1 reaches either the current limit or feedback voltage reaches its limit, q1 will turn off and q2 will turn on. q2 replaces the free wheeling diode typically associated with buck converters. q2 will turn off when either a rising edge sync pulse is present or all the stored energy is depleted from the inductor. the output voltage accuracy in the pwm mode is well within 3% of the nominal set value. an overvoltage protection circuit is present in the pwm mode to limit the positive voltage spike due to fast load transient conditions. if the ovp comparator is activated, the duty cycle will be 0% until the output voltage falls to the nominal level. the pwm also has the ability to go to 100% duty cycle for transient conditions and low input to output voltage differentials. the pwm mode operates as a forced-pwm converter. each switching cycle has a typical on-time of 75 nsec. ncp1511 has two protection circuits that can eliminate the minimum on time for the cycle. when tripped, the overvoltage protection or the thermal shutdown overrides the gate drive of the high side mosfet.
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 7 figure 3. pwm circuit schematic - + - + - + v bat c1 10 latch oc detect comp ovp comp error amp v ref q2 q1 l1 6.8 h r3 r4 en ramp set i q1 r1 r2 sync q s r en c2 10 v ref +5% load 400 m 300 m 200 m 400 m 200 m 0.00 figure 4. waveforms during pwm operation 3.6040 v in 3.6000 3.5960 400 m 100 m - 200 m 1.01 1.00 990 m 3.70 2.00 -0.30 196.0 201.0 204.0 207.0 210.0 213.0 i pfet i l i nfet v o v lx time ( ) pwm mode with internal oscillator if a synchronization signal is not available, the converter has a 1.0 mhz internal oscillator available. the sync pin must be held high to enter this mode. the characteristics of the pwm mode with internal oscillator are similar to the sync pwm mode. pulsed mode during low-level current output, ncp1511 can enter a low current consumption mode when the sync pin is held low. this mode will typically have a free running frequency and an output voltage ripple similar to a pfm mode. the advantage of the pulsed mode is much lower iq (14 a) and drastically higher efficiency compared with pwm and pfm modes in low output loads.
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 8 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 figure 5. input current comparison i out ( a) i in ( a) pfm mode pulsed mode 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 pwm pulse efficiency (%) i out (ma) figure 6. pwm versus pulse efficiency comparison v in = 3.6 v v out = 1.5 v t a = 25 c v in = 3.6 v v out = 1.5 v freq pwm = 1.0 mhz t a = 25 c 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out efficiency (%) v in figure 7. v in versus efficiency in pwm mode 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out frequency (khz) figure 8. frequency versus efficiency in pwm mode i out = 100 ma freq = 1.0 mhz t a = 25 c v in = 3.6 v i out = 100 ma t a = 25 c 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out efficiency (%) i out (ma) figure 9. i out versus efficiency in pwm mode v in = 3.6 v i out = 100 ma freq = 1.0 mhz efficiency (%) 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out figure 10. v out versus i out in pwm mode i out (ma) v in = 3.6 v freg = 1.0 mhz t a = 25 c v out (v)
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 9 0 10. 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out v in = 3.6 v t a = 25 c i out (ma) figure 11. i out versus efficiency in pulse mode efficiency (%) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 v in = 3.6 v t a = 25 c v out (v) figure 12. v out versus efficiency in pulse mode 1.0 v out 1.3 v out 1.5 v out 1.89 v out i out (ma) 5 4 3 2 1 0 v shd (v) i shd ( a) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 v cc = 3.6 v t a = 25 c figure 13. input current versus voltage for the shutdown pin 4 3 2 1 0 v syn (v) i syn ( a) 2 1.8 1.2 1 0.2 0 v cc = 3.6 v t a = 25 c 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.4 1.6 figure 14. input current versus voltage for the synchronization pin figure 15. input current versus voltage for the cb pins 4 3 2 1 0 v cb (v) i cb ( a) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 v cc = 3.6 v t a = 25 c figure 16. input current versus voltage for the feedback pin 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 v fb (v) i fb ( a) 8 7 4 3 0 -1 v cc = 3.6 v t a = 25 c pwm mode 1 2 5 6
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 10 v th low figure 17. v cc input voltage versus cb threshold 6 5 4 3 2 v cc (v) v cb(threshold) (v) 0.93 0.89 0.88 0.85 0.84 t a = 25 c pwm mode 0.87 0.86 0.92 0.91 0.90 v th high figure 18. transition level of cb pins 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 v cb (v) v out (v) 1.55 1.5 1.4 1.25 v cc = 3.6 v t a = 25 c pwm mode 1.3 1.35 1.45 1.2 1.0 0.8 figure 19. input voltage versus shutdown voltage figure 20. output voltage versus shutdown pin voltage 6 5 4 3 2 v cc (v) v shd(threshold) (v) 0.93 0.89 0.88 0.85 0.84 t a = 25 c pwm mode 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 v shd (v) v out (v) 1.5 t a = 25 c pwm mode 0 0.87 0.86 0.92 0.91 0.90 v shd high 1.2 1.0 0.8 v shd low v shd decreasing v shd increasing voltage output selection the cb1 and cb0 pins control the output voltage selection. the output voltages are listed in table 2. the cb pins contain internal resistors to force the ncp1511 to 1.3 v out if they are not connected to an external circuit. the cb0 has a pull down resistor and the cb1 has a pull up resistor. the cb pin thresholds are fixed as noted in the electrical characteristics table. shutdown pin the shutdown pin enables the operation of the device. the shutdown pin has an internal pull down resistor to force the ncp1511 into the off mode if this pin is floating due to the external circuit. the shutdown pin threshold is fixed as noted in the electrical characteristics table. during startup, the ncp1511 has a soft start function to limit fast dv/dt and eliminate overshoot on the output. thermal shutdown internal thermal shutdown circuitry is provided to protect the integrated circuit in the event at the maximum junction temperature is exceeded. when activated, typically at 16 0 c, the pwm latch is reset and the linear regulator control circuitry is disabled. the thermal shutdown circuit is designed with 2 5 c of hysteresis. this means that the pwm latch and the regulator control circuitry cannot be reenabled until the die temperature drops by this amount. this feature is provided to prevent catastrophic failures from accidental device overheating. it is not intended as a substitute for proper heatsinking. the ncp1511 is contained in a 9 pin micro bump package. table 2. truth table for cb0 and cb1 with the corresponding output voltage cb0 cb1 v out (v) 0 0 1.0 0 1 1.3 1 1 1.5 1 0 1.89
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 11 package dimensions dim min max millimeters a 0.540 0.660 a1 0.210 0.270 a2 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: millimeters. 3. coplanarity applies to spherical crowns of solder balls. e d -a- -b- 0.10 c a2 a a1 -c- 0.05 c 0.10 c 4 x seating plane d1 e e1 e 0.05 c 0.03 c a b 9 x b c b a 12 3 d 1.450 bsc e 0.330 0.390 b 0.290 0.340 e 0.500 bsc d1 1.000 bsc e1 1.000 bsc 1.450 bsc recommended pcb footprint 0.250 0.280 0.5 0.5 9 pin micro bump fc suffix case 499e -01 issue o
ncp1511 http://onsemi.com 12 on semiconductor and are registered trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc (scillc). scillc reserves the right to mak e changes without further notice to any products herein. scillc makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does scillc assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and s pecifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. typicalo parameters which may be provid ed in scillc data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including typicalso must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. scillc does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. scillc products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into t he body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the scillc product could create a sit uation where personal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or use scillc products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indem nify and hold scillc and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized u se, even if such claim alleges that scillc was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. scillc is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employ er. publication ordering information japan : on semiconductor, japan customer focus center 2- 9- 1 kamimeguro, meguro- ku, tokyo, japan 153 - 0051 phone : 81- 3- 5773- 3850 email : r14525@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : http://onsemi.com for additional information, please contact your local sales representative. ncp1511/d literature fulfillment : literature distribution center for on semiconductor p.o. box 5163, denver, colorado 80217 usa phone : 303 - 675- 2175 or 800 - 344- 3860 toll free usa/canada fax : 303 - 675- 2176 or 800 - 344- 3867 toll free usa/canada email : orderlit@onsemi.com n. american technical support : 800 - 282- 9855 toll free usa/canada

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