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ON Semiconductort
Three-Terminal Adjustable Output Positive Voltage Regulator
The LM350 is an adjustable three-terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 3.0 A over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 33 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow-out proof. The LM350 serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device also makes an especially simple adjustable switching regulator, a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM350 can be used as a precision current regulator. * Guaranteed 3.0 A Output Current * Output Adjustable between 1.2 V and 33 V * Load Regulation Typically 0.1% * Line Regulation Typically 0.005%/V * Internal Thermal Overload Protection * Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature * Output Transistor Safe Area Compensation * Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications * Standard 3-lead Transistor Package * Eliminates Stocking Many Fixed Voltages
Simplified Application
Vin vout R1 240 Adjust + C ** O 1F
LM350
THREE-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A
Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vout 3. Vin
1 2 3
Heatsink surface is connected to Pin 2.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device LM350T Operating Temperature Range TJ = 0 to +125C TJ = -40 to +125C Package Plastic Power Plastic Power
LM350
LM350BT#
IAdj Cin* 0.1F
# Automotive temperature range selections are available with special test conditions and additional tests. Contact your local ON Semiconductor sales office for information.
R2
* = Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. ** = CO is not needed for stability, however, it does improve transient response. R Vout + 1.25V 1 ) 2 ) IAdjR2 R1 Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 A, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications.
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2001
1
April, 2001 - Rev. 1
Publication Order Number: LM350/D
LM350
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Input-Output Voltage Differential Power Dissipation Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Soldering Lead Temperature (10 seconds) Symbol VI-VO PD TJ Tstg Tsolder Value 35 Internally Limited -40 to +125 -65 to +150 300 Unit Vdc W C C C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI-VO = 5.0 V; IL = 1.5 A; TJ = Tlow to Thigh; Pmax [Note 1], unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristics Line Regulation (Note 2) TA = 25C, 3.0 V VI-VO 35 V Load Regulation (Note 2) TA = 25C, 10 mA Il 3.0 A VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V Thermal Regulation, Pulse = 20 ms, (TA = +25C) Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change 3.0 V VI-VO 35 V 10 mA IL 3.0 A, PD Pmax Reference Voltage 3.0 V VI-VO 35 V 10 mA IO 3.0 A, PD Pmax Line Regulation (Note 2) 3.0 V VI-VO 35 V Load Regulation (Note 2) 10 mA IL 3.0 A VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V Temperature Stability (Tlow TJ Thigh) Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI-VO = 35 V) Maximum Output Current VI-VO 10 V, PD Pmax VI-VO = 30 V, PD Pmax, TA = 25C RMS Noise, % of VO TA= 25C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz Ripple Rejection, VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 3) Without CAdj CAdj = 10 F Long Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 4) TA= 25C for Endpoint Measurements Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Peak (Note 5) Average (Note 6) 4 3 1,2 Figure 1 2 Symbol Regline Regload - - Regtherm IAdj IAdj - - - 5.0 0.1 0.002 50 0.2 25 0.5 - 100 5.0 mV % VO % VO/W A A Min - Typ 0.0005 Max 0.03 Unit %/V
3
Vref
1.20
1.25
1.30
V
1 2
Regline Regload
-
0.02
0.07
%/V
- - 3 3 3 TS ILmin Imax 3.0 0.25 N RR - 66 3 S RJC - - - - - -
20 0.3 1.0 3.5
70 1.5 - 10
mV % VO % VO mA A
4.5 1.0 0.003
- - - % VO dB
65 80 0.3
- - 1.0 %/1.0 k Hrs. C/W
2.3 -
- 1.5
NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0 to +125C; Pmax = 25 W for LM350T; Tlow to Thigh = -40 to +125C; Pmax = 25 W for LM350BT 2. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 3. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 4. Since Long-Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. 5. Thermal Resistance evaluated measuring the hottest temperature on the die using an infrared scanner. This method of evaluation yields very accurate thermal resistance values which are conservative when compared to the other measurement techniques. 6. The average die temperature is used to derive the value of thermal resistance junction to case (average).
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LM350
Representative Schematic Diagram
Vin 6.3V 170 6.7K 12K 5.0pF 6.8K 510 160 200 13K 6.3V
310
310
230
120
5.6K
125K
6.3V
135
12.4K
30 pF 3.6K 5.8K 5.1K 190 110
30 pF
2.4K 12.5K
105 4 0.45 Vout Adjust
VCC * VIH VIL Vin Vout
Line Regulation (%/V) =
VOH - VOL VOL
x 100 VOH VOL
LM350
IL
Adjust Cin 0.1F IAdj
R1
240 1% CO
+
RL 1F
* Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
R2 1%
Figure 1. Line Regulation and IAdj/Line Test Circuit
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LM350
Load Regulation (% VO) = VO (min Load) - VO (max Load) VO (min Load) X 100 VO (min Load) VO (max Load)
Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) -VO (max Load) Vin Vin LM350 Vout IL RL (max Load) + * 1.0F
Adjust Cin 0.1F IAdj
R1
240 1% CO
RL (min Load)
R2 1% * Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
Figure 2. Load Regulation and IAdj/Load Test Circuit
Vin Vout
LM350
IL
Adjust VI Cin 0.1F IAdj R1
240 1%
Vref CO + 1.0F
RL VO
ISET R2 1% Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V Assume ISET = 5.25 mA
Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit
24V 14V Vin f = 120 Hz LM350 Vout IL Vout = 10 V
Adjust Cin 0.1F
R1
240 1%
D1 * 1N4002 CO + 1.0F
RL VO
R2
1.65K 1%
** CAdj
+
10F
* D1 Discharges CAdj if Output is Shorted to Ground. **CAdj provides an AC ground to the adjust pin.
Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit
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LM350
Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V IL = 1.5 A IL = 0.5 A 7 I out , OUTPUT CURRENT (A) TJ = 55C 5 TJ = 25C TJ = 150C
3
1 0 0 10 20 30 Vin-Vout, INPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) 40
Figure 5. Load Regulation
Figure 6. Current Limit
IAdj, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT (A)
3.0 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 V in -Vout , INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
V0 = 100 mV IL = 3.0 A IL = 2.0 A
2.5
2.0 IL = 500 mA 1.5 IL = 20 mA -50 -25 IL = 200 mA 150
1.0 -75
0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 7. Adjustment Pin Current
Figure 8. Dropout Voltage
1.260 IB , QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) Vref , REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 TJ = -55C TJ = 25C TJ = 150C
1.250
1.240
1.230
1.220 -75
-50
-25
0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C)
150
0
10 20 30 40 Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
Figure 9. Temperature Stability
Figure 10. Minimum Operating Current
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LM350
100 CAdj = 10 F RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 80 60 40 20 0 Without CAdj RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.01 Vin - Vout = 5 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25C 0.1 1 Iout, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 10 CAdj = 10 F Without CAdj
Vin - Vout = 5 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25C 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 35
Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage
Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current
100 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 80 60 40 20 0 10 Without CAdj CAdj = 10 F Z O , OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( ) IL = 500 mA Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V TJ = 25C
101 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V IL = 500 mA TJ = 25C
100
10-1 Without CAdj 10-2 CAdj = 10 F 10 100 1.0 k 10 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 k 1.0 M
100
1.0 k
10 k 100 k 1.0 M f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
10 M
10-3
Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency
Figure 14. Output Impedance
Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
3 2 1 0 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25C CL = 1.0 F; CAdj = 10 F
1.5 1.0 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 t, TIME (s) Vout = 10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25C CL = 0; Without CAdj Vin 30 40 CL = 1.0 F; CAdj = 10 F
-1 -2 -3 CL = 0; Without CAdj
Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V)
I L , LOAD CURRENT (A)
1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 t, TIME (s) IL 30 40
Figure 15. Line Transient Response
Figure 16. Load Transient Response
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LM350
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Basic Circuit Operation External Capacitors
The LM350 is a three-terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM350 develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by:
Vout = Vref (1 + R2 ) + IAdj R2 R1
Since the current from the terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM350 was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 A and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM350 is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible.
Vin LM350 Vout + Vref R1 IPROG Vout IAdj Vref = 1.25 V Typical R2
A 0.1 F disc or 1 F tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 F capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. Although the LM350 is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1 F tantalum or 25 F aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability.
Protection Diodes
Adjust
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator, it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 18 shows the LM350 with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 F, CAdj > 10 F). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit.
D1 1N4002 Vin LM350 Vout R1 Adjust R2 CAdj + D2 CO
Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration Load Regulation
The LM350 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation.
Cin
1N4002
Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes
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LM350
D6 1N4002 Vin 32V Vin1 0.1F Adjust 1 Current Limit Adjust 1K LM350 (1) Vout1 RSC Vin2 LM350 (2) Vout 2 240 D1 1N4001 1N4001 D2 5.0K Adjust 2 Voltage Adjust 1N4001 D3 D4 -10V Diodes D1 and D2 and transistor Q2 are added to allow adjustment of output voltage to 0 V. D6 protects both LM350's during an input short circuit. Q2 2N5640 -10V 1N4001 Output Range: 0 VO 25 V 0 IO 1.5 A D5 IN4001 + 10F
IO VO + 1.0F Tantalum
Q1 2N3822
Figure 19. "Laboratory" Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit and Output Voltage
+25V Vin
LM350
Vout
R1 620 R2 100
Vout
Iout D1 D1 1N4001 D2 1N4001 2N5640 Vin 1N4002 LM350 Vout 120 Adjust 720 + 1.0F
Adjust * To provide current limiting of IO to the system ground, the source of the FET must be tied to a negative voltage below -1.25 V. Vref R2 IDSS Vref R1 = IOmax + IDSS VO < V(BR)DSS + 1.25 V + VSS ILmin - IDSS < IO < 3.0 A As shown O < IO < 1.0 A
MPS2222 1.0k
VSS*
TTL Control
Minimum Vout = 1.25 V D1 protects the device during an input short circuit.
Figure 20. Adjustable Current Limiter
Figure 21. 5.0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator
Vin Vin LM350 Vout 240 Adjust R2 MPS2907 50k + 10F 1N4001
LM350
Vout
R1
Iout
Adjust
IAdj Iout + Vref ) IAdj R1
^ 1.25 V R1 10 mA Iout 3.0 A
Figure 22. Slow Turn-On Regulator
Figure 23. Current Regulator
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LM350
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A-09 ISSUE AA
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED. DIM A B C D F G H J K L N Q R S T U V Z INCHES MIN MAX 0.570 0.620 0.380 0.405 0.160 0.190 0.025 0.035 0.142 0.147 0.095 0.105 0.110 0.155 0.018 0.025 0.500 0.562 0.045 0.060 0.190 0.210 0.100 0.120 0.080 0.110 0.045 0.055 0.235 0.255 0.000 0.050 0.045 ----0.080 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 14.48 15.75 9.66 10.28 4.07 4.82 0.64 0.88 3.61 3.73 2.42 2.66 2.80 3.93 0.46 0.64 12.70 14.27 1.15 1.52 4.83 5.33 2.54 3.04 2.04 2.79 1.15 1.39 5.97 6.47 0.00 1.27 1.15 ----2.04
-T- B
4
SEATING PLANE
F T S
C
Q
123
A U K
H Z L V G D N R J
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LM350
Notes
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LM350
Notes
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LM350
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PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
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