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19-2113; Rev 0; 8/01
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
General Description
The MAX4356 is a 16 16 highly integrated video crosspoint switch matrix with input and output buffers and On-Screen Display (OSD) Insertion. This device operates from dual 3V to 5V supplies or from a single +5V supply. Digital logic is supplied from an independent single +2.7V to +5.5V supply. Individual outputs can be switched between an input video signal source and OSD information through an internal, dedicated fast 2:1 mux (40ns switching times) located before the output buffer. All inputs and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive standard 75 reverse-terminated video loads. The switch matrix configuration and output buffer gain are programmed via an SPI/QSPITM-compatible, threewire serial interface and initialized with a single update signal. The unique serial interface operates in two modes facilitating both fast updates and initialization. On power-up, all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large-array configurations. Superior flexibility, high integration, and space-saving packaging make this nonblocking switch matrix ideal for routing video signals in security and video-ondemand systems. The MAX4356 is available in a 128-pin TQFP package and specified over an extended -40C to 85C temperature range.
Features
o 16 16 Nonblocking Matrix with Buffered Inputs and Outputs o Operates from 3V, 5V, or +5V Supplies o Individually Programmable Output Buffer Gain (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V) o High-Impedance Output Disable for Wired-OR Connections o Fast-Switching (40ns) 2:1 OSD Insertion Mux o 0.1dB Gain Flatness to 14MHz o -62dB Crosstalk, -110dB Isolation at 6MHz o 0.02%/0.12 Differential Gain/Differential Phase Error o Low 195mW Power Consumption (0.76mW per Point)
MAX4356
Ordering Information
PART MAX4356ECD TEMP. RANGE -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 128 TQFP
Applications
Security Systems Video Routing Video-on-Demand Systems
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
Functional Diagram
OSDFILL1 OSDFILL0 OSDFILL15
Typical Operating Circuit
MAX4356 IN0 AV* ENABLE/DISABLE OUT0
CAMERAS
IN0 IN1 OUT0 MONITOR IN15 MAX4356 OSDFILL0 OUT1 MONITOR
IN1
16 x 16 SWITCH MATRIX
2:1 OSD MUX
AV *
OUT1
IN2
AV *
OUT2
IN15 RESET POWER-ON RESET THERMAL SHUTDOWN
AV *
OUT15
DISABLE ALL OUTPUTS
256 16
16 VCC VEE AGND VDD DGND DOUT
OSD GENERATOR
OSDKEY0 OSDFILL1 OSDKEY1 OUT15 MONITOR
DECODE LOGIC DIN SCLK UPDATE CE SERIAL INTERFACE LATCHES MATRIX REGISTER 96 BITS UPDATE REGISTER 16 BITS
OSDFILL15 OSDKEY15
AOUT
A0-A3 MODE *AV = +1V/V OR +2V/V
OSDKEY0 OSDKEY15 OSDKEY1
SPI and QSPI are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Analog Supply Voltage (VCC - VEE) .....................................+11V Digital Supply Voltage (VDD - DGND) ...................................+6V Analog Supplies to Analog Ground (VCC - AGND) and (AGND - VEE) ......................................+6V Analog Ground to Digital Ground .........................-0.3V to +0.3V IN_, OSDFILL_ Voltage Range........ (VCC + 0.3V) to (VEE - 0.3V) OUT_ Short-Circuit Duration to AGND, VCC, or VEE ......Indefinite SCLK, CE, UPDATE, MODE, A_, DIN, DOUT, RESET, AOUT, OSDKEY_.......(VDD + 0.3V) to (DGND - 0.3V) Current into Any Analog Input Pin (IN_, OSDFILL_) .........50mA Current into Any Analog Output Pin (OUT_).....................75mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 128-Pin TQFP (derate 25mW/C above +70C).................2W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................ +300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_= 0, VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC VEE VDD to DGND (VEE + 2.5V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 TYP MAX 10.5 5.5 UNITS V V
0.97
0.995
1
(VEE + 2.5V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k
0.99
0.999
1
Gain (Note 1)
AV
(VEE + 3.75V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 3.75V), AV = +2V/V, RL = 150
1.92
1.996
2.08 V/V
(VEE + 3.75V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 3.75V) AV = +2V/V, RL = 10k
1.94
2.008
2.06
(VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) RL = 10k RL = 150
0.95
0.994
1
0.5 0.5
1.5 2
%
2
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_= 0, VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Temperature Coefficient of Gain SYMBOL TCAV RL = 10k AV = +1V/V RL = 150 Input Voltage Range VIN_ RL = 10k AV = +2V/V RL = 150 RL = 10k VOUT RL = 150 Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio IB RIN_ VOFFSET ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT_ < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < (VCC - VEE) < 10.5V Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs enabled Outputs disabled Quiescent Supply Current IEE Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs enabled Outputs disabled IDD 55 4 60 105 60 VEE + 1 VEE + 2.5 VEE + 3 VEE + 3.75 VEE + 1 VEE + 2.5 4 10 5 10 40 0.2 0.004 70 110 160 185 80 160 185 80 8 mA 1 20 40 CONDITIONS MIN TYP 10 VCC 1.2 VCC 2.5 V VCC 3.1 VCC 3.75 VCC 1.2 VCC 2.5 11 V V A M mV mA A dB MAX UNITS ppm/C
MAX4356
Output Voltage Range
ICC
RL =
RL =
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC - VEE VDD to DGND (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k Gain (Note 1) AV (VEE + 2V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.1V), AV = +2V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 2V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.1V) AV = +2V/V, RL = 10k Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) Temperature Coefficient of Gain TCAV RL = 10k AV = +1V/V RL = 150 Input Voltage Range VIN_ RL = 10k AV = +2V/V RL = 150 RL = 10k Output Voltage Range VOUT RL = 150 Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage IB RIN VOFFSET (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V VEE + 1 VEE + 1 VEE + 2 VEE + 2 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 4 10 5 10 20 40 RL = 10k RL = 150 1.92 1.985 2.08 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 0.94 0.983 TYP MAX 10.5 5.5 1 UNITS V V
0.96
0.993
1 V/V
1.94
2.000 0.5 0.5 10
2.06 1.5 2
% ppm/C
VCC 1.2 VCC 1.2 V VCC 2.1 VCC 2.1 VCC 1.2 V VCC 1.2 11 A M mV
4
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR ICC Quiescent Supply Current CONDITIONS Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT_ < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < (VCC - VEE) < 10.5V RL = RL = Outputs enabled Outputs disabled IEE IDD Outputs enabled Outputs disabled 60 MIN TYP 40 0.2 0.004 75 95 50 90 45 3 mA 1 MAX UNITS mA A dB
MAX4356
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = +1.75V, AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic-Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC VDD to DGND (VEE + 1V) < VIN < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 1V) < VIN < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k RL = 10k RL = 150 TCAV RL = 10k Input Voltage Range VIN AV = +1V/V RL = 150 VEE +1 VEE +1 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 0.94 0.94 0.995 0.995 0.5 0.5 10 VCC - 1.2 VCC - 2.5 V TYP MAX 5.5 5.5 1 V/V 1 3 3 % ppm/ C UNITS V V
Gain (Note 1)
AV
Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) Temperature Coefficient of Gain
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = +1.75V, AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Output Voltage Range Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL CONDITIONS AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k VOUT AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 IB RIN VOFFSET ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR VEE + 1V < VIN - < VCC - 1.2V AV = +1V/V Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN- < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT- < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < (VCC - VEE) < 5.5V RL = Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs disabled Quiescent Supply Current IEE IDD RL = Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs disabled 50 MIN VEE +1 VEE +1 4 10 10 35 0.2 0.004 65 85 35 80 30 4 mA 1 40 TYP MAX VCC - 1.2 VCC - 2.5 11 UNITS
V A M mV mA A dB
ICC
6
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
LOGIC-LEVEL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC - VEE) = +4.5V to +10.5V, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Input Voltage High Level Input Voltage Low Level Input Current High Level Input Current Low Level Output Voltage High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Current High Level Output Current Low Level SYMBOL VIH VIL IIH IIL VOH VOL IOH IOL VDD = +5.0V VDD = +2.7V VDD = +5.0V VDD = +2.7V VI > 2V VI < 1V Excluding RESET RESET Excluding RESET RESET -1 -30 -1 -300 4.7 2.7 0.01 -20 0.01 -235 4.9 2.9 0.1 0.1 1 1 1 1 4 8 4 8 0.3 0.3 1 CONDITIONS MIN 3 2 0.8 0.6 1 TYP MAX UNITS V V A A V V mA mA
ISOURCE = 1mA, VDD = +5V ISOURCE = 1mA, VDD = +3V ISINK = 1mA, VDD = +5V ISINK = 1mA, VDD = +3V VDD = +5V, VO = +4.9V VDD = +3V, VO = +2.7V VDD = +5V, VO = +0.1V VDD = +3V, VO = +0.3V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS CONDITIONS VOUT = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p VOUT_ = 2V step, AV = +1V/V Slew Rate SR VOUT_= 2V step, AV = +2V/V 150 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 110 78 80 75 40 50 14 11 14 11 14 11 150 V/s MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) (Note 3) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input-to-Output Input Noise Voltage Density Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance ZOUT f = 6MHz Output enabled Output disabled en CIN Amplifier in disable mode SYMBOL tS 0.1% CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 0 to 2V step AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz BW = 6MHz AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 60 60 50 45 70 68 0.002 0.02 0.02 0.12 -62 -110 73 5 3 30 3 4k MAX UNITS ns mV dB % degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_= VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p CONDITIONS AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 110 70 110 70 32 38 12 12 12 12 12 12 MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
8
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_= VOSDFILL_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 2V step AV = +1V/V VOUT_ = 2V step AV = +2V/V Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) (Note 3) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input to Output Input Noise Voltage Density Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance
ZOUT
MIN
TYP 125
MAX
UNITS
Slew Rate
SR
V/s 125 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V 60 60 20 20 72 71 0.02 0.15 0.05 0.2 -63 -112 73 5 3 30 ns mV dB % degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
tS 0.1%
VO = 0 to 2V step AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz
en CIN_
BW = 6MHz Amplifier in disable mode
f= 6MHz
Output enabled Output disabled
3 4k
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = 1.75V, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Slew Rate Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input-toOutput Input Noise Voltage Density Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance ZOUT f = 6MHz Output enabled Output disabled f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz en CIN_ Amplifier in disable mode BW = 6MHz SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS SR tS 0.1% CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 1.5Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 1.5Vp-p VOUT_ = 2V step, AV = +1V/V VOUT_ = 0 to 2V step MIN TYP 100 100 40 10 12 14 100 60 25 70 69 0.1 0.2 0.05 0.2 -63 -110 73 5 3 30 3 4k MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz V/s ns mV dB % degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
10
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
((VCC - VEE) = +4.5V to +10.5V, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, DGND = AGND = 0, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = 0 for dual supplies, VIN_ = VOSDFILL_ = +1.75V for single supply, RL = 150 to AGND, CL = 100pF, AV = +1V/V, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C. )
PARAMETER Delay: UPDATE to Video Out Delay: UPDATE to AOUT Delay: OSDKEY_ to Output Delay: SCLK to DOUT Valid Delay: Output Disable Delay: Output Enable Setup: CE to SCLK Setup: DIN to SCLK Hold Time: SCLK to DIN Minimum High Time: SCLK Minimum Low Time: SCLK Minimum Low Time: UPDATE Setup Time: UPDATE to SCLK Hold Time: SCLK to UPDATE Setup Time: MODE to SCLK Hold Time: MODE to SCLK Minimum Low Time: RESET Delay: RESET SYMBOL tPdUdVo tPdUdAo tPdOkVo/ tPdOfVo tPdDo tPdHOe tPdLOe tSuCe tSuDi tHdDi tMnHCk tMnLCk tMnLUd tSuHUd tHdHUd tSuMd tHdMd tMnLRst tPdRst 10k pulldown to AGND, 0.5V step Rising edge of UPDATE to falling edge of SCLK Falling edge of SCLK to falling edge of UPDATE Minimum time from clock edge to MODE with valid data clocking Minimum time from clock edge to MODE with valid data clocking 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 300 600 CONDITIONS VIN = 0.5V step MODE = 0, time to AOUT = low after UPDATE = low VOUT = 0.5V step VDD = +5V VDD = +3V MIN TYP 200 30 40 60 30 300 200 200 800 800 100 MAX 450 200 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Logic state change in DOUT on active SCLK edge VOUT = 0.5V, 1k pulldown to AGND Output disabled, 1k pulldown to AGND, VIN = 0.5V
Note 1: Associated output voltage may be determined by multiplying the input voltage by the specified gain (AV) and adding output offset voltage. Gain is specified for IN_ and OSDFILL_ signal paths. Note 2: Logic-level characteristics apply to the following pins: DIN, DOUT, SCLK, CE, UPDATE, RESET, A3-A0, MODE, AOUT, and OSDKEY_. Note 3: Switching transient settling time is guaranteed by the settling time (tS) specification. Switching transient is a result of updating the switch matrix. Note 4: Input test signal: 3.58MHz sine wave of amplitude 40IRE superimposed on a linear ramp (0 to 100IRE). IRE is a unit of video-signal amplitude developed by the International Radio Engineers: 140IRE = 1.0V. Note 5: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25C. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Symbol Definitions
SYMBOL Ao Ce Ck Di Do Md Oe Rst Ud Vo H Hd L Mn Mx Pd Su Tr W TYPE Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Property Property Property Property Property Property Property Property Property DESCRIPTION Address Valid Flag (AOUT) Clock Enable (CE) Clock (SCLK) Serial Data In (DIN) Serial Data Output (DOUT) MODE Output enable Reset Input (RESET) UPDATE Video Out (OUT) High- or Low-to-High transition Hold Low- or High-to-Low transition Minimum Maximum Propagation delay Setup Transition Width
Naming Conventions
* All parameters with time units are given a "t" designation, with appropriate subscript modifiers. * Propagation delays for clocked signals are from the active edge of clock. * Propagation delay for level-sensitive signals is from input to output at the 50% point of a transition. * Setup and hold times are measured from the 50% point of signal transition to the 50% point of the clocking signal transition. * Setup time refers to any signal that must be stable before the active clock edge, even if the signal is not latched or clocked itself. * Hold time refers to any signal that must be stable during and after active clock edge, even if the signal is not latched or clocked. * Propagation delays to unobservable internal signals are modified to setup and hold designations applied to observable I/O signals.
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
DATA AND CONTROL TIMING Ce: CE tSuCe Ck: SCLK tMnHCk tMnLCk Di: DIN Do: DOUT tPdDo Ud: UPDATE tMnLUd tHdUd tWTrVo Vo: OUT_ Ao: AOUT tPdUdAo tPdHOeVo Oe: OUTPUT ENABLE tPdLOeVo tPdRstVo tMnlRst Hi-Z tPdUdVo Hi-Z tSuUd tSuDi tHdDi tHdCe TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS NAME tHdDi tMnHCk tMnLCk tMnLUd tSuHUd Not Valid tHdHUd Not Valid tPdDiDo tMnMd tMxTr tMnLRst tPdRstVo DESCRIPTION Hold Time: Clock to Data In Min High Time: Clk Min Low Time: Clk Min Low Time: Update Setup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE High Setup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE Low Hold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE high Hold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE Low Asynchronous Delay: Data In to Data Out Min Low Time: MODE Max Rise Time: Clk, Update Min Low Time: Reset Delay: Reset to Video Output
Rst: RESET
OSD: KEY AND FILL TIMING IN_ VIDEO SOURCE (SELECTED INPUT)
TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS NAME DESCRIPTION tPdUdVo Delay: Update to Video Out tPdUdAo Delay: UPDATE to Aout tPdOkVo Delay: OSD Key to Video Output Delay: OSD Fill to Video Output tPdOfVo tPdDo Delay: Clk to Data Out tPdHOeVo Delay: Output Enable to Video Output (High: Disable) tPdLOeVo Delay: Output Enable to Video Output (Low: Enable) Setup: Clock Enable to Clock tSuCe tSuDi Setup Time: Data In to Clock
Of: OSDFILLi Ok: OSDKEYi OUTi tPdHOkVo
VIDEO OUTPUT (WITH SUPERIMPOSED OSD) tPdLOkVo tPdLOfVo
Figure 1. Timing Diagram
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc01
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc02
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 150
MAX4356 toc03
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V RL = 150
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 150
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc04
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc05
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V RL = 1k AV = +1V/V
MAX4356 toc06
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 1k
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V RL = 1k
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc07
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc08
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 CL = 30pF CL = 15pF RL = 150 CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc09
0.3 0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 150
0.3 0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 1k
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 -10 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 CL = 30pF CL = 15pF RL = 150 CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc10
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc11
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
6 5 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc12
3
15 CL = 45pF
7
10 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
5
CL = 30pF
0 CL = 15pF
-5
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc13
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc14
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION ( dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3RD HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC AV = +1V/V
MAX4356 toc15
-40 AV = +1V/V -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100
-40 AV = +2V/V -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -60 -70 -80 -90 -100
0
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION ( dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) -0.1 0.1 3RD HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC AV = +2V/V
MAX4356 toc16
ENABLED-OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc17
DISABLED-OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc18
0
1000
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10 1
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
100
10
1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OFF ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc19
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc20
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc21
-40 -50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60
-50
1000
PSRR (dB)
-70 -80 -90 -100
-60
VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/ Hz)
-55
100
-65
-70 -110 -120 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G -75 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc22
MAX4356 toc23
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc24
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 0.5V/div
INPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc25
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc26
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc27
INPUT 50mV/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
VOUT 00mV/div
VOUT 1V/div
25ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
16
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +1V/V) SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +2V/V)
OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
MAX4356 toc30
MAX4356 toc28
MAX4356 toc29
300 250 200 150 100 50 0
VUPDATE 5V/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
VOUT 25mV/div
VOUT 25mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
-15 -13 -11 -9
-7 -5 -3 -1
1
3
5
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 150)
MAX4356 toc31
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 1k)
DIFF GAIN (%) 0.004 0.002 0.000 -0.002 -0.004
MAX4356 toc32
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc33
DIFF GAIN (%)
0.08 006 0.04 0.02 0.00 -0.02
INPUT 1V/div
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.01 DIFF PHASE () DIFF PHASE ()
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
OUTPUT 0.5/Vdiv
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
25ns/div
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc34
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc35
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc36
INPUT 0.5V/div
INPUT 100mV/div
INPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 0.5/Vdiv
OUTPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
17
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4356 toc37
RESET DELAY vs. CRESET
1 100m RESET DELAY (s) 10m 1m 100 10 1 100n 10n
MAX4356 toc38
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V
10
100
1p
10p 100p 1n
10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F)
TEMPERATURE (C)
OSD SWITCHING TRANSIENT (100IRE LEVEL SWITCH) (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc39
OSD SWITCHING 3.58MHz SIGNAL (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc40
VOSDKEY0 5V/div
VOSDKEY0 5V/div
100IRE
VOUT0 500mV/div 0IRE
VOUT0 500mV/div
50ns/div
50ns/div
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4358 toc41
70 60 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 50 40 30 20 10 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (C) 75 IDD IEE ICC
100
18
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc42
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc43
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 150
MAX4356 toc44
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V RL = 150
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 Av = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 150
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc45
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc46
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V RL = 1k
MAX4356 toc47
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1
RL = 1k
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 1k
3
AV = +2V/V
AV = +1V/V
AV = +1V/V
AV = +2V/V
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS
MAX4356 toc48
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS
0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 RL = 1k
MAX4356 toc49
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 CL = 30pF CL = 15pF CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc50
0.3 0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.1
RL = 150
0.3
3
AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V
AV = +1V/V
AV = +2V/V 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000
-0.6 -0.7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
______________________________________________________________________________________
19
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc51
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc52
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
5 4 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc53
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 CL = 30pF CL = 15pF CL = 45pF
8 6 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
6
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
CROSSTALK VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc54
CROSSTALK VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc55
DISTORTION VS. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION (dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3RD HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC AV = + 1V/V
MAX4356 toc56
-40 -45 -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 1k
-30 -35 -40 CROSSTALK (dB) -45 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80
0
AV = +1V/V
AV = + 2V/V
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
DISTORTION VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc57
ENABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc58
DISABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc59
0 -10 -20
CROSSTALK (dBc)
AV = +2 V/V
1000
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10 1
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 100M
-30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0.1
100
2ND HARMONIC
10
3RD HARMONIC
1 0.1 1M 10M 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 FREQUENCY (Hz)
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
20
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc60
MAX4356 toc61
OFF ISOLATION VS. FREQUENCY
-40 -50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60
PSRR (dB) -50
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc62
1000
-70 -80 -90 -100
VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/ Hz)
-55
-65
100
-70
-110 -120 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G
-75 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 10 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc63
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc64
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4356 toc65
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 0.5V/div
INPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
25ns/div MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
25ns/div SWITCHING TIME (AV = +1V/V)
25ns/div SWITCHING TIME (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4356 toc66
MAX4356 toc67
MAX4356 toc68
INPUT 50mV/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
VOUT 500mV/div
VOUT 1V/div
25ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
21
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +1V/V) MAX4356 toc69 SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +2V/V) MAX4356 toc70 OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
MAX4356 toc71
300 250
VUPDATE 3V/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
200 150
VOUT 25mV/div
VOUT 25mV/div
100 50 0
20ns/div
20ns/div
-15 -13 -11 -9 -7
-5 -3 -1
1
3
5
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 150)
0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05
MAX4356 toc72
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 1k)
0.010 0.005 0 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.08 DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%)
MAX4356 toc73
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V) MAX4356 toc74
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%)
INPUT 1V/div
0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE ()
0.06 0.04 0.02 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE ()
OUTPUT 500mV/div
-0.02
25ns/div
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = + 2V/V)
MAX4356 toc75
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = + 1V/V)
MAX4356 toc76
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = + 2V/V)
MAX4356 toc77
INPUT 0.5V/div
100mV/div
INPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
22
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN VS. TEMPERATURE
MAX4356 toc78
RESET DELAY vs. CRESET
1 100m RESET DELAY (s) 10m 1m 100 10 1 100n 10n
MAX4356 toc79
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 AV = +1V/V -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 AV = +2V/V
10
100
1p
10p 100p 1n
10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F)
TEMPERATURE (C)
OSD SWITCHING TRANSIENT (100IRE LEVEL SWITCH)
MAX4356 toc80
OSD SWITCHING 3.58MHz SIGNAL
MAX4356 toc81
AV = +2V/V
AV = + 2V/V
VOSDKEY0 3V/div 100IRE VOUT0 500mV/div 0IRE 50ns/div
VOSDKEY0 3V/div
VOUT0 500mV/div
50ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
23
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc82
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc83
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 150
MAX4356 toc84
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1
RL = 150
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 150
3
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc85
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc86
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 1k
MAX4356 toc87
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 1k
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 1k
3
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS
0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 RL = 150
MAX4356 toc88
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS
MAX4356 toc89
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4356 toc90
0.3
0.3 0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.1
RL = 1k
3
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
24
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc91
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc92
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION () -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3RD HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC
MAX4356 toc93
7 5 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 3 CL = 45pF CL = 30pF
-50 -55 -60 CROSSTALK (dB) -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90
0
1 -1 -3 -5 -7 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G CL = 15pF
-95 -100 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G FREQUENCY (MHz)
0.1
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
ENABLED-OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc94
DISABLED-OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc95
OFF ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
-50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60 -70 -80 -90 -100
MAX4356 toc96
1k
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10
-40
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
100
10
1
-110 0.1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 1 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G -120 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc97
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4356 toc98
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc99
-50
1000
PSRR (dB)
-60
VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/ Hz)
-55
INPUT 1V/div
100 OUTPUT 0.5V/div
-65
-70
-75 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M
1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 25ns/div FREQUENCY (Hz)
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25
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4356 toc100
SWITCHING TIME
MAX4356 toc101
INPUT 100mV/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
VOUT 500mV/div
25ns/div
20ns/div
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH)
MAX4356 toc102
OFFSET VOLTAGE HISTOGRAM
MAX4356 toc103
250
VUPDATE 5V/div
200
150
100
VOUT 25mV/div
50
0
20ns/div
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8
-6 -4 -2
0
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 150)
MAX4356 toc104
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 1k)
DIFF GAIN (%) 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.10 -0.20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 -0.02 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE DIFF PHASE ()
MAX4356 toc105
DIFF GAIN (%)
0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 -0.10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE DIFF PHASE ()
26
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF) MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF)
MAX4356 toc107
MAX4356 toc106
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 0.5V/div
OUTPUT 50mV/div
25ns/div
25ns/div
GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4356 toc108
RESET DELAY vs. CRESET
MAX4356 toc109
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75
10 1 100m RESET DELAY (s) 10m 1m 100 10 1 100n 10n
100
1p
10p 100p 1n
10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F)
TEMPERATURE (C)
OSD SWITCHING TRANSIENT (100IRE LEVEL SWITCH)
MAX4356 toc110
OSD SWITCHING 3.58MHz SIGNAL
MAX4356 toc111
VOSDKEY0 5V/div
100IRE
VOSDKEY0 5V/div
0IRE
VOUT0 250mV/div
VOUT0 250mV/div
50ns/div
50ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
27
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Pin Description
PIN 1-4, 30-38, 103 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 121, 123, 125, 127 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 65, 66, 100, 101, 102, 120, 122, 124, 126 22, 24, 26, 28 29, 67, 71, 75, 79, 83, 87, 91, 95, 99 39 40 41 42 43 44 NAME N.C. FUNCTION No Connection. Not internally connected. Connect to AGND.
IN0-IN15
Buffered Analog Inputs
AGND
Analog Ground
A3-A0
Address Programming Inputs. Connect to DGND or VDD to select the address for individual output address mode. See Table 3. Positive Analog Supply. Bypass each pin with a 0.1F capacitor to AGND. Connect a single 10F capacitor from one VCC pin to AGND. Serial Data Output. In complete matrix mode, data is clocked through the 96-bit Matrix Control Shift register. In individual output address mode, data at DIN passes directly to DOUT. Digital Ground Address Recognition Output. AOUT drives low after successful chip address recognition. Serial Clock Input Clock Enable Input. Drive low to enable the serial data interface. Serial Interface Mode Select Input. Drive high for complete matrix mode (mode 1), or drive low for individual output address mode (mode 0). Asynchronous Reset Input/Output. Drive RESET low to initiate hardware reset. All matrix settings are set to power-up defaults and all analog outputs are disabled. Additional power-on reset delay may be set by connecting a small capacitor from RESET to DGND. Update Input. Drive UPDATE low to transfer data from Mode registers to the matrix switch. Serial Data Input. Data is clocked in on the falling edge of SCLK. Digital Logic Supply. Bypass VDD with a 0.1F capacitor DGND. Digital Control Input. Control for the fast 2:1 OSD insertion multiplexer routing signal to output buffers. A logic high routes the programmed IN_ analog input signal to the output buffer. A logic low routes the dedicated OSDFILL_ input to the corresponding output buffer.
VCC
DOUT DGND AOUT SCLK CE MODE
45 46 47 48
RESET UPDATE DIN VDD OSDKEY0- OSDKEY15
49-64
68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 128 104-119
OUT0- OUT15
Buffered Analog Outputs. Gain is individually programmable for AV = +1V/V or AV = +2V/V through the serial interface. Outputs may be individually disabled (high impedance). On power-up or assertion of RESET, all outputs are disabled. Negative Analog Supply. Bypass each pin with a 0.1F capacitor to AGND. Connect a single 10F capacitor from one VEE pin to AGND. Dedicated OSD Analog Signal Buffered Inputs. For each output buffer amplifier OSDFILL, the input signal is routed to output buffer amplifier OUT when the corresponding OSDKEY is low.
VEE OSDFILL0- OSDFILL15
28
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
Functional Diagram
OSDFILL1 OSDFILL0 OSDFILL15
MAX4356
MAX4356 IN0 AV* ENABLE/DISABLE OUT0
IN1
16 x 16 SWITCH MATRIX
2:1 OSD MUX
AV*
OUT1
IN2
AV*
OUT2
IN15 RESET POWER-ON RESET THERMAL SHUTDOWN
AV*
OUT15
DISABLE ALL OUTPUTS DIN SCLK UPDATE CE
256 16
16 VCC VEE AGND VDD DGND DOUT
DECODE LOGIC SERIAL INTERFACE LATCHES MATRIX REGISTER 96 BITS UPDATE REGISTER 16 BITS
AOUT
A0-A3 MODE *AV = +1V/V OR +2V/V
OSDKEY0 OSDKEY15 OSDKEY1
Detailed Description
The MAX4356 is a highly integrated 16 16 nonblocking video crosspoint switch matrix. All inputs and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive standard 75 reverse-terminated video loads. A 3-wire interface programs the switch matrix and initializes with a single update signal. The unique serial interface operates in one of two modes: Complete Matrix Mode (Mode 1) or Individual Output Address Mode (Mode 0). In the Functional Diagram, the signal path of the MAX4356 is from the inputs (IN0-IN15), through the switching matrix, buffered by the output amplifiers, and presented at the output terminals (OUT0-OUT15). The other functional blocks are the serial interface and control logic. Each of the functional blocks is described in detail below.
mized to maximize the bandwidth for each gain selection. Each output can be individually enabled and disabled through bit 5 of the serial control word. When disabled, the output is high impedance, presenting typically a 4k load, and 3pF output capacitance, allowing multiple outputs to be connected together in building large arrays. On power-up (or asynchronous RESET), all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large array configurations. The programming and operation of the MAX4356 is output referred. Outputs are configured individually to connect to any one of the 16 analog inputs, programmed to the desired gain (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V), or disabled in a high-impedance state.
Analog Inputs
The MAX4356 offers 16 analog input channels. Each input is buffered before the crosspoint switch matrix, allowing one input to cross-connect to up to 16 outputs. The input buffers are voltage feedback amplifiers with high input impedance and low-input bias current. This allows the use of very simple input clamp circuits.
Analog Outputs
The MAX4356 outputs are high-speed voltage feedback amplifiers capable of driving 150 (75 back-terminated) loads. The gain, A V = +1V/V or +2V/V, is selectable through programming bit 4 of the serial control word. Amplifier compensation is automatically opti-
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29
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Table 1. Operation Truth Table
CE 1 UPDATE X SCLK X DIN X DOUT X MODE X AOUT X RESET 1 OPERATION/COMMENTS No change in logic. Data at DIN is clocked on the negative edge of the SCLK into the 96-bit Complete Matrix Mode register. DOUT supplies original data in 96 SCLK pulses later. Data in the serial 96-bit Complete Matrix Mode register is transferred into parallel latches that control the switching matrix. Data at DIN is routed to the Individual Output Address Mode shift register. DIN is also connected directly to DOUT so that all devices on the serial bus may be addressed in parallel. The 4-bit chip address A3 to A0 is compared to D13 to D10. If equal, the remaining 10 bits in the Individual Output Address Mode register are decoded, allowing reprogramming for a single output. AOUT signals a successful individual matrix update. Asynchronous reset. All outputs are disabled. Other logic remains unchanged.
0
1
Di
Di-96
1
1
1
0
0
X
X
X
1
1
1
0
1
Di
Di
0
1
1
0
0
X
Di
Di
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
OSDFILL and OSDKEY Inputs
Intended for on-screen display insertion, the 16 OSDFILL inputs are buffered analog signal inputs that are routed exclusively to a dedicated output buffer through a fast 2:1 Mux. The signal presented to the output buffer is selected from the programmed analog input signal (IN_) and the dedicated OSDFILL input signal. Each OSD Insertion Mux is controlled through the corresponding OSDKEY digital input to provide fast pixel switching.
Digital Interface
The digital interface consists of the following pins: DIN, DOUT, SCLK, AOUT, UPDATE, CE, A3-A0, MODE, and RESET. DIN is the serial data input; DOUT is the serial data output. SCLK is the serial data clock that clocks data into the Data Input registers (Figure 2). Data at DIN is loaded at each falling edge of SCLK. DOUT is the data shifted out of the 96-bit Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1). DIN passes directly to DOUT when in Individual Output Address Mode (Mode = 0). The falling edge of UPDATE latches the data and programs the matrix. When using individual output address mode, the address recognition output AOUT drives low when control word bits D13 to D10 match the address programming inputs (A3-A0) and UPDATE is low. Table 1 is the operation truth table.
Switch Matrix
The MAX4356 has 256 individual T-switches making a 16 x 16 switch matrix . The switching matrix is 100% nonblocking, which means that any input may be routed to any output. The switch matrix programming is output-referred. Each output may be connected to any one of the 16 analog inputs. Any one input can be routed to all 16 outputs with no signal degradation.
Programming the Matrix
The MAX4356 offers two programming modes: individual output address mode and complete matrix mode.
30
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Table 2. 16-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 0: Individual Output Address Mode)
BIT 0 (LSB) 1 2 3 NAME Input Address 0 Input Address 1 Input Address 2 Input Address 3 MSB of input channel select address Gain Select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V Enable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable LSB of output buffer address FUNCTION LSB of input channel select address
Table 3. Chip Address Programming for 16-Bit Control Word (Mode 0: Individual Output Address Mode)
IC ADDRESS BIT A3 (MSB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 ADDRESS CHIP ADDRESS (HEX) 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h Ah Bh Ch Dh Eh Fh CHIP ADDRESS (DECIMAL) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
A1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
4
Gain Set
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 (MSB)
Output Enable Output Address B0 Output Address B1 Output Address B2 Output Address B3 IC Address A0 IC Address A1 IC Address A2 IC Address A3 X X
MSB of output buffer address LSB of selected chip address
1 1 1 1
MSB of selected chip address Don't care Don't care
output gain-set bit, and input address bits (Tables 2 through 6, and Figure 2). In mode 0, data at DIN passes directly to DOUT through the data routing gate (Figure 3). In this configuration, the 16-bit control word is simultaneously sent to all chips in an array of up to 16 addresses. Complete Matrix Mode (MODE = 1) Drive MODE to logic high to select mode 1. A single 96-bit control word consisting of 16 six-bit control words programs all outputs. The 96-bit control word's first 6-bit control word (MSBs) programs output 15, and the last 6-bit control word (LSBs) programs output 0 (Table 7 and Figures 4 and 5). Data clocked into the 96-bit Complete Matrix Mode register is latched on the falling edge of UPDATE, and the outputs are immediately updated. Initialization String The Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1) is convenient to use to program the matrix at power-up. In a large matrix consisting of many MAX4356 devices, all the devices can be programmed by sending a single-bit
31
These two distinct programming modes are selected by toggling a single MODE pin high or low. Both modes operate with the same physical board layout. This flexibility allows initial programming of the IC by daisychaining and sending one long data word while still being able to address immediately and update individual outputs in the matrix. Individual Output Address Mode (MODE = 0) Drive MODE to logic low to select mode 0. Individual outputs are programmed through the serial interface with a single 16-bit control word. The control word consists of two don't care MSBs, the chip address bits, output address bits, an output enable/disable bit, an
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE: FIRST 2 BITS ARE DON'T CARE BITS, LAST 14 BITS CLOCKED INTO DIN WHEN MODE = 0 CREATE ADDRESS WORD; IC ADDRESS A3-A0 IS COMPARED TO DIN13-DIN10 WHEN UPDATE IS LOW; IF EQUAL, ADDRESSED OUTPUT IS UPDATED. UPDATE MODE tSuMd tHdMd
SCLK
DIN GAIN SET = +1V/V INPUT ADDRESS 3 (MSB) = 1 INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0 DON'T CARE X DON'T CARE X IC ADDRESS A3 IC ADDRESS A2 IC ADDRESS A1 IC ADDRESS A0 OUTPUT ENABLED INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 1 INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 0 OUTPUT ADDRESS B3 OUTPUT ADDRESS B2 OUTPUT ADDRESS B1 OUTPUT ADDRESS B0
IC ADDRESS = 5
OUTPUT ADDRESS = 3
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, AV = +1V/V, CONNECTED TO INPUT 12
EXAMPLE OF 16-BIT SERIAL CONTROL WORD FOR OUTPUT CONTROL IN INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE
Figure 2. Mode 0: Individual Output Address Mode Timing and Programming Example
Table 4. Chip Address A3-A0 Pin Programming
PIN ADDRESS CHIP CHIP ADDRESS ADDRESS (DECIMAL) (HEX) 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h Ah Bh Ch Dh Eh Fh 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Table 5. Output Selection Programming
OUTPUT ADDRESS BIT B3 (MSB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 B0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 SELECTED OUTPUT 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A3 DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD
A2 DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD
A1 DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD
A0 DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD
32
______________________________________________________________________________________
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
SCLK CE MODE 4 16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE REGISTER SCLK CE MODE 10 MODE S A DATA ROUTING GATE B 96 MODE OUTPUT ADDRESS DECODE 7 MODE A0-A3 CHIP ADDRESS 4
DOUT
DIN 10
96-BIT COMPLETE MATRIX MODE REGISTER
1 UPDATE EN 7
AOUT
96
96-BIT PARALLEL LATCH 96 SWITCH DECODE 256 SWITCH MATRIX 16 OUTPUT ENABLE
Figure 3. Serial Interface Block Diagram
Table 6. Input Selection Programming
INPUT ADDRESS BIT B3 (MSB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 SELECTED INPUT 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Table 7. 6-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode)
BIT 5 (MSB) 4 3 2 1 0 (LSB) NAME Output Enable Gain Set Input Address 3 Input Address 2 Input Address 1 Input Address 0 LSB of input channel select address FUNCTION Enable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable Gain Select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V. MSB of input channel select address
B2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
B1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
______________________________________________________________________________________
33
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
tMnLCk SCLK tSuDi DIN tHdDi tMnHCk
tSuHUd UPDATE tPdDo
tMnLUd
DOUT
SCLK EXAMPLE OF 6-BIT SERIAL CONTROL WORD FOR OUTPUT CONTROL NEXT CONTROL WORD DIN
INPUT ADDRESS 3 (MSB) = 1
16 x 16 CROSSPOINT = 6-BIT CONTROL WORD
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, AV = +1V/V, CONNECTED TO INPUT 14
Figure 4. 6-Bit Control Word and Programming Example (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode Programming)
UPDATE
1 0
MODE
1 6-BIT CONTROL WORD 0
DIN
OUT2
OUT1
OUT0
MOST-SIGNIFICANT OUTPUT BUFFER CONTROL BITS ARE SHIFTED IN FIRST, I.E., OUT15, THEN OUT14, ETC. LAST 6 BITS SHIFTED IN PRIOR TO UPDATE NEGATIVE EDGE PROGRAM OUT0.
Figure 5. Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode Programming
34
______________________________________________________________________________________
INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0
INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 1
OUTPUT ENABLED
GAIN SET = +1V/V
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
stream equal to n x 96 bits, where n is the number of MAX4356 devices on the bus. The first 96-bit data word programs the last MAX4356 in line (see Matrix Programming under Applications Information).
Thermal Shutdown
The MAX4356 features thermal shutdown protection with temperature hysteresis. When the die temperature exceeds +150C, the MAX4356 pulls RESET low, disabling the output buffers. When the die cools by 20C, the RESET pulldown is deasserted, and output buffers remain disabled until the device is programmed again.
MAX4356
On-Screen-Display Fast Mux
The MAX4356 features an asynchronous dedicated 2:1 Mux for each output buffer amplifier. Fast 40ns switching times enable pixel switching for on-screen-display (OSD) information such as text or other picture-in-picture signals (Figure 1). OSDFILL_ inputs are buffered analog inputs connected to each dedicated OSD Mux. Switching between the programmed IN_ input from the crosspoint switch matrix and the OSDFILL_ is accomplished by driving the dedicated OSDKEY_ digital input. A logic low on OSDKEYi routes the analog signal at OSDFILLi to the OUTi output buffer. OSDKEY_ control does not affect the crosspoint switch matrix programming or the output buffer enable/disable or gain-set programming.
Applications Information
Building Large Video Switching Systems
The MAX4356 can be easily used to create larger switching matrices. The number of ICs required to implement the matrix is a function of the number of input channels, the number of outputs required, and whether the array needs to be nonblocking or not. The most straightforward technique for implementing nonblocking matrices is to arrange the building blocks in a grid. The inputs connect to each vertical bank of devices in parallel with the other banks. The outputs of each building block in a vertical column connect together in a wired-OR configuration. Figure 6 shows a 128-input, 32-output, nonblocking array using the MAX4356 16 x 16 crosspoint devices. The wired-OR connection of the outputs shown in the diagram is possible because the outputs of the IC devices can be placed in a disabled or high-impedance output state. This disable state of the output buffers is designed for a maximum impedance vs. frequency while maintaining a low output capacitance. These characteristics minimize the adverse loading effects from the disabled outputs. Larger arrays are constructed by extending this connection technique to more devices.
RESET
The MAX4356 features an asynchronous bidirectional RESET with an internal 20k pullup resistor to V DD. When RESET is pulled low, either by internal circuitry, or driven externally, the analog output buffers are latched into a high-impedance state. After RESET is released, the output buffers remain disabled. The outputs may be enabled by sending a new 96-bit data word or a 16-bit individual output address word. A reset is initiated from any of three sources. RESET can be driven low by external circuitry to initiate a reset, or RESET can be pulled low by internal circuitry during power-up (power-on reset) or thermal shutdown. Since driving RESET low only clears the output buffer enable bit in the matrix control latches, RESET can be used to disable all outputs simultaneously. If no new data has been loaded into the 96-bit complete matrix mode register, a single UPDATE restores the previous matrix control settings.
Driving a Capacitive Load
Figure 6 shows an implementation requiring many outputs to be wired together. This creates a situation where each output buffer sees not only the normal load impedance, but also the disabled impedance of all the other outputs. This impedance has a resistive and a capacitive component. The resistive components reduce the total effective load for the driving output. Total capacitance is the sum of the capacitance of all the disabled outputs and is a function of the size of the matrix. Also, as the size of the matrix increases, the length of the PC board traces increases, adding more capacitance. The output buffers have been designed to drive more than 30pF of capacitance while still maintaining a good AC response. Depending on the size of the array, the capacitance seen by the output can exceed this amount. There are several ways to improve the situation. The first is to use more building-block
Power-On-Reset
The power-on reset ensures all output buffers are in a disabled state when power is initially applied. A VDD voltage comparator generates the power-on-reset. When the voltage at VDD is less than 2.5V, the poweron-reset comparator pulls RESET low through internal circuitry. As the digital supply voltage ramps up crossing 2.5V, the MAX4356 holds RESET low for 40ns (typ). Connecting a small capacitor from RESET to DGND extends the power-on-reset delay. See Power-on Reset vs. RESET Capacitance in the Typical Operating Characteristics.
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35
16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT 16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT 16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT 16 IN 16
MAX4356 OUT
IN (0-15)
IN (64-79)
IN (16-31)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (80-95)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (32-47)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (96-111)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (48-63)
16 IN
16
MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (112-127)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
OUTPUTS (0-15)
OUTPUTS (16-32)
Figure 6. 128 x 32 Nonblocking Matrix Using 16 x 16 Crosspoint Devices
crosspoint devices to reduce the number of outputs that need to be wired together (see Figure 7). In Figure 7, the additional devices are placed in a second bank to multiplex the signals. This reduces the number of wired-OR connections. Another solution is to put a small resistor in series with the output before the capacitive load to limit excessive ringing and oscillations. Figure 8 shows the graph of the Optimal Isolation Resistor vs. Capacitive Load. A lowpass filter is created from the series resistor and parasitic capacitance to ground. A single R-C do not affect the performance at video frequencies, but in a very large system there may be many R-Cs cascaded in series. The cumulative effect is a slight rolling off of the high frequencies causing a "softening" of the picture. There are two solutions to achieve higher performance. One way is to design the PC board traces associated with the outputs such that they exhibit some inductance. By routing the traces in a repeating "S" configuration, the traces that are nearest each other will exhibit a mutual inductance increasing the total inductance. This series inductance causes the amplitude response to increase or peak at higher frequencies, offsetting the rolloff from the parasitic capacitance. Another solution is to add a smallvalue inductor to the output.
IN (0-15)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (16-31)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
IN (32-47)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT 16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
OUTPUTS (0-15)
IN (48-63)
16 16 IN MAX4356 OUT
Figure 7. 64 x 16 Nonblocking Matrix with Reduced Capacitive Loading
On-Screen Display Insertion
The MAX4356 facilitates the insertion of on-screen graphics and characters by using the built-in fast 2:1 multiplexer associated with each of the 16 outputs (Functional Diagram). This mux switches in 40ns, much
36
less than the width of a single pixel. Access to this fast mux is through 16 dedicated OSDFILL analog inputs and 16 dedicated OSDKEY input controls. OSD timing is externally controlled and applied to the OSDKEY inputs (Figure 1). Pulling OSDKEYi low switches the signal on the OSDFILLi input to the OUTi output. When the OSDKEY signal is logic high, the signal at IN_ is switched to the output. This switching action is repeated on a pixel-by-pixel basis for each scan line. In this way any synchronized video signal, including arbitrary graphics, can be inserted on the screen (Figure 9).
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
OPTIMAL ISOLATION RESISTANCE vs. CAPACITIVE LOAD
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF) SYNC15 OSD SYNC0 OSDFILL0 OSD OSDKEY0 SYNC1 OSDFILL1 OSD OSDKEY1 OSDFILL15 OSDKEY15 MEMORY OUT15 MONITOR 15 SYNC15 CAMERAS COMPUTER CONTROL IN0 IN1 SYNC0 OUT0 MONITOR 0 SYNC1 IN15 MAX4356 OUT1 MONITOR 1
Figure 8. Optimal Isolation Resistor vs. Capacitive Load
This technique for inserting OSD display information is an improvement over the way it has traditionally been done. Other OSD techniques require an external fast mux and a buffer for each output.
ISOLATION RESISTANCE ()
Figure 9. Improved Implementation of On-Screen Display
Crosstalk Signal and Board Routing Issues
Improper signal routing causes performance problems such as crosstalk. The MAX4356 has a typical crosstalk rejection of -62dB at 6MHz. A bad PC board layout degrades the crosstalk rejection by 20dB or more. To achieve the best crosstalk performance: 1) Place ground isolation between long critical signal PC board trace runs. These traces act as a shield to potential interfering signals. Crosstalk can be degraded by parallel traces as well as directly above and below on adjoining PC board layers. 2) Maintain controlled-impedance traces. Design as many of the PC board traces as possible to be 75 transmission lines. This lowers the impedance of the traces, reducing a potential source of crosstalk. More power will be dissipated due to the output buffer driving a lower impedance. 3) Minimize ground-current interaction by using a good ground plane strategy. In addition to crosstalk, another key issue of concern is isolation. Isolation is the rejection of undesirable feedthrough from input to output with the output disabled. The MAX4356 acheives a -110dB isolation at 6MHz by selecting the pinout configuration such that the inputs and outputs are on opposite sides of the package. Coupling through the power supply is a function of the quality and location of the supply bypassing. Use
appropriate low-impedance components and locate them as close as possible to the IC. Avoid routing the inputs near the outputs.
Power-Supply Bypassing
The MAX4356 operates from a single +5V or dual 3V to 5V supplies. For single-supply operation, connect all VEE pins to ground and bypass all power-supply pins with a 0.1F capacitor to ground. For dual-supply systems, bypass all supply pins to ground with 0.1F capacitors.
Power in Large Systems
The MAX4356 has been designed to operate with split supplies down to 3V or a single supply of +5V. Operating at the minimum supply voltages reduces the power dissipation by as much 40% to 50%. At 5V, the MAX4356 consumes 195mW (0.76mW/point).
Driving a PC Board Interconnect or a Cable (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V)
The MAX4356 output buffers can be programmed to either AV = +1V/V or +2V/V. The +1V/V configuration is typically used when driving a short-length (less than 3cm), high-impedance "local" PC board trace. To drive a cable or a 75 transmission line trace program the gain of the output buffer to +2V/V and place a 75 resistor in series with the output. The series termination resistor and the 75 load impedance act as a voltagedivider that divides the video signal in half. Set the gain to +2V/V to transmit a standard 1V video signal down a
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
cable. The series 75 resistor is called the back-match, reverse termination, or series termination. This 75 resistor reduces reflections, and provides isolation, increasing the output capacitive driving capability.
+5V Single-Supply Operation with AV = +1V/V and +2V/V
The MAX4356 guarantees operation with single +5V supply and gain of +1V/V for standard video input signals (1Vp-p). To implement a complete video matrix switching system capable of gain = +2V/V while operating with +5V single supply, combine the MAX4356 crosspoint switch with Maxim's low-cost, high-performance video amplifiers optimized for single +5V supply operation (Figure 11). The MAX4450 single and MAX4451 dual op amps are unity-gain-stable devices that combine high-speed performance with Rail-toRail(R) outputs. The common-mode input voltage range extends beyond the negative power-supply rail (ground in single-supply applications). The MAX4450 is available in the ultra-small 5-pin SC70 package, while the MAX4451 is available in a space-saving 8-pin SOT23. The MAX4383 is a quad op amp available in a 14-pin TSSOP package. The MAX4380/MAX4381/MAX4382 and MAX4384 offer individual output high-impedance disable making these amplifiers suitable for wired-OR connections.
Matrix Programming
The MAX4356's unique digital interface simplifies programming multiple MAX4356 devices in an array. Multiple devices are connected with DOUT of the first device connecting to DIN of the second device, and so on (Figure 10). Two distinct programming modes, individual output address mode (MODE = 0) and complete matrix mode (MODE = 1), are selected by toggling a single MODE control pin high or low. Both modes operate with the same physical board layout. This allows initial programming of the IC by daisy-chaining and sending one long data word while still being able to address immediately and update individual locations in the matrix. Individual Output Address Mode (Mode 0) In Individual Output Address Mode, the devices are connected in a serial bus configuration, with the data routing gate (Figure 3) connecting DIN to DOUT, making each device a virtual node on the serial bus. A single 16-bit control word is sent to all devices simultaneously. Only the device with the corresponding chip address responds to the programming word, and updates its output. In this mode, the chip address is set through hardware pin strapping of A3-A0. The host then communicates with the device by sending a 16-bit word consisting of 2 don't care MSB bits, 4 chip address bits, and 10 bits of data to make the word exactly 2 bytes in length. The 10 data bits are broken down into 4 bits to select the output to be programmed; 1 bit to set the output enable, 1 bit to set gain, and 4 bits to select the input to be connected to that output. In this method, the matrix is programmed one output at a time. Complete Matrix Mode (Mode 1) In Complete Matrix Mode, the devices are connected in a daisy-chain fashion where n x 96 bits are sent to program the entire matrix, and where n = the number of MAX4356 devices connected in series. This long data word is structured such that the first bit is the LSB of the last device in the chain and the last data bit is the MSB of the first device in the chain. The total length of the data word is equal to the number of crosspoint devices to be programmed in series, times 96 bits per crosspoint device. This programming method is most often used at startup to initially configure the switching matrix.
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
CHIP ADDRESS = 0 CHIP ADDRESS = 1 CHIP ADDRESS = 2
DIN HOST CONTROLLER
DOUT
DIN
DOUT
DIN
DOUT
NEXT DEVICE
MAX4356 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0
MAX4356 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0 VDD
MAX4356 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0
VDD
VIRTUAL SERIAL BUS (MODE 0: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE)
Figure 10. Matrix Mode Programming
+5V
VCC OUT0 IN0 IN1 OUT15 IN15 OUT1 1VP-P
+5V 2VP-P U2 75 220F 75 MONITOR 0 Z0 = 75
500 500
MAX4356
U2 = MAX4450 OR 1/4 MAX4383
GND
VEE
Figure 11. Typical Single +5V Supply Application
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 24,883 PROCESS: BiCMOS
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers MAX4356
Pin Configuration
119 ODSFILL15 118 ODSFILL14 117 ODSFILL13 116 ODSFILL12 115 ODSFILL11 114 ODSFILL10 113 ODSFILL9 112 ODSFILL8 111 ODSFILL7 110 ODSFILL6 109 ODSFILL5 108 ODSFILL4 107 ODSFILL3 106 ODSFILL2 105 ODSFILL1 126 AGND 124 AGND 122 AGND 104 ODSFILL0 120 AGND
128 VEE
127 IN3
123 IN1
103 N.C. 102 AGND 101 AGND 100 AGND 99
125 IN2
N.C. 1 N.C. 2 N.C. N.C. IN4 AGND IN5 AGND IN6
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
121 IN0
VCC
98 OUT0 97 VEE 96 OUT1 95 VCC 94 OUT2 93 VEE 92 OUT3 91 VCC 90 OUT4
AGND 10 IN7 11 AGND 12 IN8 13 AGND 14 IN9 15 AGND 16 IN10 17 AGND 18 IN11 19 AGND 20 IN12 21 A3 22 IN13 23 A2 24 IN14 25 A1 26 IN15 27 A0 28 VCC 29 N.C. 30 N.C. 31 N.C. 32 N.C. 33 N.C. 34 N.C. 35 N.C. 36 N.C. 37 N.C. 38 AOUT 41 DIN 47 OSDKEY13 51 OSDKEY14 50 OSDKEY12 52 OSDKEY10 54 OSDKEY7 57 DGND 40 DOUT 39 VDD 48 OSDKEY9 55 OSDKEY8 56 OSDKEY6 58 OSDKEY5 59 OSDKEY3 61 OSDKEY15 49 OSDKEY11 53 OSDKEY0 64 SCLK 42 CE 43 MODE 44 RESET 45 UPDATE 46 OSDKEY4 60 OSDKEY2 62 OSDKEY1 63
MAX4356
89 VEE 88 OUT5 87 VCC 86 OUT6 85 VEE 84 OUT7 83 VCC 82 OUT8 81 VEE 80 OUT9 79 78
VCC OUT10
77 VEE 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65
OUT11 VCC OUT12 VEE OUT13 VCC OUT14 VEE OUT15 VCC AGND AGND
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16 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with On-Screen Display Insertion and I/O Buffers
Package Information
TQFP14x20x1.4mm.EPS
MAX4356
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 41 (c) 2001 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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