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| LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator April 1998 LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator General Description The LM2936 ultra-low quiescent current regulator features low dropout voltage and low current in the standby mode. With less than 15 A quiescent current at a 100 A load, the LM2936 is ideally suited for automotive and other battery operated systems. The LM2936 retains all of the features that are common to low dropout regulators including a low dropout PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery protection, and thermal shutdown. The LM2936 has a 40V operating voltage limit, -40C to +125C operating temperature range, and 3% output voltage tolerance over the entire output current, input voltage, and temperature range. The LM2936 is available in both a TO-92 package and an 8-pin surface mount package with a fixed 5V output. Features n n n n n n n n n Ultra low quiescent current (IQ 15 A for IO 100 A) Fixed 5V, 50 mA output Output tolerance 3% over line, load, and temperature Dropout voltage typically 200 mV @ IO = 50 mA Reverse battery protection -50V reverse transient protection Internal short circuit current limit Internal thermal shutdown protection 40V operating voltage limit Typical Application DS009759-1 * Required if regulator is located more than 2" from power supply filter capacitor. ** Required for stability. Must be rated for 10 F minimum over intended operating temperature range. Effective series resistance (ESR) is critical, see curve. Locate capacitor as close as possible to the regulator output and ground pins. Capacitance may be increased without bound. Connection Diagrams TO-92 Plastic Package (Z) 8-Pin SO (M) DS009759-2 Bottom View Order Number LM2936Z-5.0 See NS Package Number Z03A DS009759-6 Top View Order Number LM2936M-5.0 See NS Package Number M08A (c) 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009759 www.national.com Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Input Voltage (Survival) ESD Susceptability (Note 2) Power Dissipation (Note 3) Junction Temperature (TJmax) +60V, -50V 1900V Internally limited 150C Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) -65C to +150C 260C Operating Ratings Operating Temperature Range Maximum Input Voltage (Operational) -40C to +125C 40V Electrical Characteristics VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Typical Parameter Output Voltage Conditions 5.5V VIN 26V, IO 50 mA (Note 6) Line Regulation Load Regulation Output Impedance Quiescent Current 9V VIN 16V 6V VIN 40V, IO = 1 mA 100 A IO 5 mA 5 mA IO 50 mA IO = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, f = 1000 Hz IO = 100 A, 8V VIN 24V IO = 10 mA, 8V VIN 24V IO = 50 mA, 8V VIN 24V 10 Hz-100 kHz Vripple = 1 Vrms, IO = 100 A = 120 Hz 5 5.15 5 10 10 10 450 9 0.20 1.5 500 20 fripple Tested Limit (Note 5) 4.85 Vmin V Vmax mVmax mVmax m 15 0.50 2.5 Amax mAmax mAmax Vrms mV/1000 Hr 40 0.10 0.40 -15 dBmin Vmax Vmax Vmin Vmin Amax Vmin mAmax mAmin 10 30 30 30 Units (Note 4) Output Noise Voltage Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage Reverse Polarity DC Input Voltage Reverse Polarity Transient Input Voltage Output Leakage with Reverse Polarity Input Maximum Line Transient Short Circuit Current 60 0.05 0.20 IO = 50 mA RL = 500, VO -0.3V RL = 500, T = 1 ms VIN = -15V, RL = 500 RL = 500, VO 5.5V, T = 40 ms VO = 0V -80 -0.1 -50 -600 60 120 250 65 Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its specified operating ratings. Note 2: Human body model, 100 pF discharge through a 1.5 k resistor. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJmax, JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJmax - TA)/JA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature will rise above 150C and the LM2936 will go into thermal shutdown. For the LM2936Z, the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (JA) is 195C/W. For the LM2936M, ja is 160C/W. Note 4: Typicals are at 25C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 5: Tested limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level) and 100% tested. Note 6: To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used. www.national.com 2 Typical Performance Characteristics Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-92) Dropout Voltage Dropout Voltage DS009759-8 DS009759-7 DS009759-9 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Quiescent Current DS009759-10 DS009759-11 DS009759-12 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Output Capacitor ESR DS009759-13 DS009759-14 DS009759-15 Peak Output Current Peak Output Current Current Limit DS009759-16 DS009759-17 DS009759-18 3 www.national.com Typical Performance Characteristics Line Transient Response (Continued) Ripple Rejection Output at Voltage Extremes DS009759-19 DS009759-20 DS009759-21 Load Transient Response Low Voltage Behavior Output Impedance DS009759-22 DS009759-23 DS009759-24 Applications Information Unlike other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936 remains fully operational to 40V. Owing to power dissipation characteristics of the TO-92 package, full output current cannot be guaranteed for all combinations of ambient temperature and input voltage. As an example, consider an LM2936 operating at 25C ambient. Using the formula for maximum allowable power dissipation given in (Note 3) , we find that PDmax = 641 mW at 25C. Including the small contribution of the quiescent current to total power dissipation the maximum input voltage (while still delivering 50 mA output current) is 17.3V. The device will go into thermal shutdown if it attempts to deliver full output current with an input voltage of more than 17.3V. Similarly, at 40V input and 25C ambient the LM2936 can deliver 18 mA maximum. Under conditions of higher ambient temperatures, the voltage and current calculated in the previous examples will drop. For instance, at the maximum ambient of 125C the LM2936 can only dissipate 128 mW, limiting the input voltage to 7.34V for a 50 mA load, or 3.5 mA output current for a 40V input. While the LM2936 maintains regulation to 60V, it will not withstand a short circuit above 40V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above 60V the LM2936 will break down with catastrophic effects on the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this device in a design where the input operating voltage may exceed 40V, or where transients are likely to exceed 60V. www.national.com 4 Equivalent Schematic Diagram DS009759-5 5 www.national.com Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 8-Lead Small Outline Molded Package (M) NS Package Number M08A 3-Lead TO-92 Plastic Package (Z) NS Package Number Z03A www.national.com 6 LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator Notes LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: support@nsc.com www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 85 English Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 78 32 Francais Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 93 58 Italiano Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-534 16 80 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: sea.support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. |
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