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| Standard ICs Voltage controlled operational amplifier BA6110 / BA6110FS The BA6110 / BA6110FS is a low-noise, low-offset programmable operational amplifier. Offering superb linearity over a broad range, this IC is designed so that the forward direction conductivity (gm) can be changed, making it ideal for applications such as voltage control amplifiers (VCA), voltage control filters (VCF) and voltage control oscillators (VCO). Distortion reduction circuitry improves the signal-to-noise ratio by a significant 10dB at a distortion rate of 0.5% in comparison with products not equipped with this feature. When used as a voltage control amplifier (VCA), a high S / N ratio of 86dB can be achieved at a distortion rate of 0.5%. The open loop gain is determined by the control current and an attached gain determining resistance RL, enabling a wide range of settings. In addition, a built-in low-impedance output buffer circuit reduces the number of attachments. *Applications controls Electronic volume Voltage-controlled impedances Voltage-controlled amplifiers (VCA) Voltage-controlled filters (VCF) Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) Multipliers Sample holds Schmitt triggers *Features rate. 1) Low distortion (built-in distortion reduction bias diode) 2) Low noise. 3) Low offset voltage. (VIO = 3m VMax). 4) Built-in output buffer. 5) Variable gm with superb linearity across three decade fields. *Block diagram BUFFER OUTPUT VCA OUTPUT BA6110 BA6110FS N.C. BUFFER INPUT 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 1/2 - BUFFER 1/2 - BUFFER + 1 1/2 VCC + 1/2 VCC 1 POSITIVE INPUT 2 NEGATIVE INPUT 3 INPUT BIAS 4 CONTROL INPUT 5 - VEE 6 VCA OUTPUT 7 BUFFER INPUT 8 BUFFER OUTPUT 9 VCC 1 POSITIVE INPUT 2 N.C. 3 NEGATIVE INPUT 4 N.C. 5 INPUT BIAS 6 N.C. 7 CONTROL INPUT N.C. - VEE 9 8 N.C. N.C. VCC 1 Standard ICs BA6110 / BA6110FS *Internal circuit configuration OUT Current mirror (1) Current mirror (2) 6 !1 7 !2 Buffer IN 9 !5 R4 R5 8 !4 Buffer OUT VCC Positive input 1 q D1 D2 Current mirror (3) Q13 Q14 Q17 Q18 Negative input 2 e R1 t3 Input bias Q1 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q4 Q6 Q9 Q10 Q12 Q7 Q8 Q11 R2 Current mirror (5) R3 Current mirror (4) Q15 Q16 5 o VEE O = BA6110FS Control pin 4u Fig.1 *Absolute maximum ratings (Ta = 25C) Parameter Power supply voltage Power dissipation Operating temperature Storage temperature Maximum control current BA6110 BA6110FS Symbol VCC Pd Topr Tstg IC Max. 1C each 25C. 1C each 25C. Limits 34 5001 3002 - 20 ~ + 70 - 55 ~ + 125 500 Unit V mW C C A 1 Reduced by 5mW for each increase in Ta of 2 Reduced by 3mW for each increase in Ta of * Electrical characteristics (unless otherwise noted, Ta = 25C, VCC = 15V, VEE = - 15V) Parameter Quiescent current Pin 7 bias current Distortion Forward transmission conductance Pin 6 maximum output voltage Pin 8 maximum output voltage Pin 6 maximum output current Residual noise 1 Residual noise 2 Discontinuous noise Leakage level Symbol IQ I7PIN THD gm | VOM6 | | VOM8 | | IOM6 | VN1 VN2 VNP2 L (Leak) Min. 0.9 -- -- Typ. 3.0 0.8 0.2 Max. 6.0 5 1 Unit A % s V V A Conditions Measurement circuit mA ICONTROL = 0A -- ICONTROL = 200A, VI = 5mVrms ICONTROL = 500A ICONTROL = 500A RL = 47k ICONTROL = 500A Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 Fig.2 4800 8000 12000 12 9 300 -- -- -- -- 14 11 500 - 94 - 74 10.5 - 94 -- -- 650 - 90 - 66 11.5 - 75 ICONTROL = 0A, BPF dBm (30 ~ 320kHz, 3dB, 6dB / OCT) dBm dB dBm ICONTROL = 200A, BPF (30 ~ 20kHz, 3dB, 6dB / OCT) ICONTROL = 200A, BPF (30 ~ 20kHz, 3dB, 6dB / OCT) ICONTROL = 0A, VIN = - 30dBm fIN = 20kHz 2 Standard ICs BA6110 / BA6110FS *Measurement circuit Pin numbers shown in the diagram are for the BA6110. S4 27k 10F + D.V mA S5 6 7 1 9 1 30 ~ 20kHz BPF 1 S0 VCC = + 10V 1k 1 2 S1 V 600 2 1k S6-2 2 BA6110 8 3 5 2 1 S2 1V 3 500A S3 3 2 4 1 200A 1 2 150k S7 47k 2 S6-1 V.V THD DV 40dB AMP VEE = - 10V Vmp Fig.2 *Circuit discription in the internal circuit configura(reference numbers tion diagram are for the BA6110) The BA6110 is configured of an operational amplifier which can control the forward propagation conductance (gm) using the control current, an input bias-compensating diode used to eliminate distortion created by the amplifier's differential input, a bias setter, and an output buffer. In the operational amplifier, Pin 1 is the positive input and Pin 2 is the negative input. Pin 4 is the control pin which determines the differential current. Pin 6 is the output pin which determines the open loop gain using the external resistor and the control current. This section describes the circuit operation of this operational amplifier. Transistors Q13 and Q14 form the differential input for the operational amplifier, while transistors Q7 to Q12 are composed of the current mirror circuits. The current mirror absorbs current from the differential input common emitter which is equal to the control current flowing into the Pin 4 control pin. If the differential input VIN = 0 at this point, then 1 / 2 Ic is supplied to the Q13 and Q14 collectors and the other half passes through the current mirrors (3) and (4). The output of current mirror (3) which is the differential active load is inverted by current mirror (5), and is balanced with the output of current mirror (4), also an active load. If the differential input changes, the current balance changes. The output current is on Pin 6. An output voltage can be generated using an external resistance. For the open loop gain of this operational amplifier, if the Pin 4 control current is ICONTROL and the Pin 6 external resistance is RO, then: A (v) = gm * RO = ICONTROL x RO KT 2q To eliminate the distortion created by the differential input, the input bias diode and its bias circuit consist of the following: bias diodes D1 and D2, current mirrors (1) and (2), and the Pin 3 bias pin current mirror that consists of the transistors Q1 to Q6 and the resistance R1. This circuit eliminates the distortion that occurs as a result of using the differential input open loop. In the buffer circuit, Pin 7 is the buffer input and Pin 8 is the buffer output. In the buffer circuit, the emitter follower consists of the active load of the NPN transistor, Q17, and its active load, Q16. The VF difference created by the emitter follower is eliminated by the emitter follower which consists of the PNP transistor Q18 and resistor R5. Also, the gain is determined by the ratio of the signal source resistance RIN and the diode impedance. 3 Standard ICs BA6110 / BA6110FS *Attached components (pin numbers are for the BA6110) (1) Positive input (Pin 1) This is the differential positive input pin. To minimize the distortion due to the diode bias, an input resistor is connected in series with the signal source. By increasing the input resistance, distortion is minimized. However, the degree of improvement for resistances greater than 10k is about the same. An input resistance of 1k to 20k is recommended. (2) Negative input (Pin 2) This is the differential negative input pin. It is grounded with roughly the same resistance value as that of the positive input pin. The offset adjustment is also connected to this pin. Make sure a sufficiently high resistance is used, so as not to disturb the balance of the input resistance (see Figure 3). (3) Input bias diode (Pin 3) The input bias diode current (ID) is determined by this pin. The IC input impedance when the diode is biased, if the diode bias current is ID, is expressed as follows: Rd = 26 ID (mA) () (4) Control (Pin 4) This pin controls the differential current. By changing the current which flows into this pin, the gain of the differential amplifier can be changed. (5) Output (Pin 6) The differential amplifier gain (AV) is determined by the resistor RO connected between the output terminal and the Pin 4 control terminal, as follows: ICONTROL (mA) Av = gm * RO = x RO 52 (mV) Make sure the resistor is selected based on the desired maximum output and gain. (6) Buffer input (Pin 7) The buffer input consists of the PNP and NPN emitter follower. The bias current is normally about 0.8A. Consequently, when used within a small region of control current, we recommend using the high input impedance FET buffer. (7) Buffer output resistance (Pin 8) An 11k resistor is connected between VCC and the output within the IC. When adding an external resistance between the GND and the output, make sure the resistor RL = 33k. Fig. 6 shows the control current in relation to the open loop gain at the diode bias. In the same way, Fig 7 shows the control current in relation to the THD = 0.5% output at the bias point. Fig. 8 shows a graph of the control current in relation to the open gain with no diode bias. Fig. 9 shows a graph of the control current in relation to the SN ratio. Fig. 10 shows a graph of the diode bias current in relation to the SN ratio. Fig. 11 shows a graph of the power supply voltage characteristics. (2) Fig. 4 shows a low pass filter as an example of an application of the BA6110. The cutoff frequency fO can be changed by changing the Pin 4 control current. The cutoff frequency fO is expressed as: RA * gm fO = (R + RA) 2C This is attenuated by -6dB / OCT. Fig. 12 shows a graph of the ICONTROL in relation to the output characteristics. to the BA6110) *Application example (pin numbers referamplifier (AM (1) Fig 3 shows a voltage-controlled modulation) as an example of an application of the BA6110. By changing the ICONTROL current on Pin 4, the differential gain can be changed. The gain (AV), if the resistance of Pin 6 is RO, is determined by the following equation: ICONTROL (mA) A (v) = gm * RO = x RO 52 (mV) Good linearity can be achieved when controlling over three decades. By connecting Pin 3 to the VCC by way of a resistor, the input is biased at the diode and distortion is reduced. The gain in this case is given by the diode impedance Rd and the ratio of the input resistance RIN, as shown in the following: Rd A (v) = gm * RO x Rd x RIN The diode impedance Rd = (26 / ID (mA) ) , so that the Pin 3 bias current ID = (VCC - 1V) / Pin 3. The graph in 4 Standard ICs to the BA6110) *Application example (pin numbers refersecondary low (3) Fig. 5 shows a voltage-controlled pass filter as an example of an application of the BA6110. The cutoff frequency fO can be changed by changing the Pin 4 control current. RA * gm fO = (R + RA) * 2C This is attenuated by - 12dB / OCT. Fig. 13 shows a graph of the ICONTROL output characteristic. VCC = 15V VIN 150k 3 RIN 10k 1 9 I0 BA6110 / BA6110FS 330k 100k VR (Offset adjustment) RIN 10k 2 BA6110 4 7 6 5 OUT 8 ICONTROL 30k R0 = 27k VEE = - 15V Pin numbers are for the BA6110. Fig.3 Voltage-controlled amplifier (electronic volume control) VCC = 15V VIN 20k 4 1 200 IC VC 9 100k BA6110 2 3 7 6 150pF R 100k 5 8 OUT VEE = - 15V Pin numbers are for the BA6110. Fig.4 Voltage control low pass filter 5 Standard ICs VCC 15V ICONTROL VC 20k 100k VIN 200 2 6 5 3 100k RA 200 R C 100pF VEE 15V RA 200 7 100k 5 R 3 6 2C 200pF 9 1 4 100k 9 1 200 2 6 7 4 BA6110 / BA6110FS BA6110 8 BA6110 8 V Pin numbers are for the BA6110. Fig.5 Voltage-controlled secondary low pass filter *Electrical characteristic curves OUTPUT VOLTAGE: VO (Vrms) OPEN LOOP GAIN: GV (dB) 20 10 0 - 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 2 5 10 20 VIN R0 = 50k R0 = 27k OPEN LOOP GAIN: GV (dB) VCC = 15V VEE = - 15V RIN = 10k ID = 200A For diode bias of 200A 10 VCC = 15V With diode bias VEE = - 15V RIN = 10k 5 ID = 200A R0 = 27k fin = 1kHz R0 = 50k 2 Output when THD = 0.5% 1 VCC = 15V VEE = - 15V RIN = 10k Io = 0 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 No diode bias R0 = 270k R0 = 50k 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 1 2 5 10 20 R0 = 10k R0 = 10k ID 200A + 15V ICONTROL + - R0 = 27k R0 = 10k 10k VO R0 = 27k 15V AV VO VIN 50 100 200 500 1000 50 100 200 5001000 - 10 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000 CONTROL CURRENT: ICONTROL (A) CONTROL CURRENT: ICONTROL (A) CONTROL CURRENT: ICONTROL (A) Fig.6 Open loop gain control current characteristics Fig.7 THD 0.5% output control current characteristics Fig.8 Open loop gain control current characteristics SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO: S / N (dB) SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO: S / N (dB) ICONTROL = 200A MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE: VOM (V) 80 VCC = 15V NOISE B.P.F20 ~ 20kHz SN ratio when THD = 0.5% VEE = - 15V RIN = 10k RO = 27k ID = 200A fin = 1kHz RIN = 50k 80 ICONTROL = 500A RIN = 10k 70 RIN = 2k VCC = 15V VEE = - 15V RO = 27k fin = 1kHz NOISE B.P.F20Hz ~ 20kHz ICONTROL = 200A SN ratio when THD = 0.5% 50 100 200 500 1mA 70 IO = 0 60 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1mA 60 5 10 20 15 12 R0 = Pin 8 voltage 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 - 10 - 12 - 14 2 4 6 8 VOM VOM 10 12 14 CONTROL CURRENT: ICONTROL (A) BIAS CURRENT: ID (A) POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VCC (V) Fig.9 SN ratio vs. control current Fig.10 SN ratio vs. diode bias current Fig.11 Maximum output voltage vs. power supply voltage 6 Standard ICs VCC = 15V VEE = - 15V 6pin C = 150pF VOLTAGE GAIN: GV (dB) VOLTAGE GAIN: GV (dB) 0 -4 -8 - 12 - 16 - 20 - 24 - 28 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k 100k ICONTROL = 10A 6dB / OCT ICONTROL = 100A 0 -4 -8 - 12 - 16 - 20 - 24 - 28 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k 100k ICONTROL = 10A - 12dB / OCT VCC = 15V VEE = - 15V ICONTROL = 100A BA6110 / BA6110FS FREQUENCY: f (Hz) FREQUENCY: f (Hz) Fig.12 Low pass filter characteristics Fig.13 Secondary low pass filter characteristics *External dimensions (Units: mm) BA6110 BA6110FS 6.6 0.2 21.8 0.2 2.8 0.2 16 6.2 0.3 4.4 0.2 9 10.5 0.5 5.8 0.2 1.2 1 3.5 0.5 2.54 9 0.8 1.3 0.3 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.6 1 8 0.11 0.8 0.36 0.1 0.3Min. 0.15 SIP9 SSOP-A16 0.15 0.1 7 |
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