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SALEM -1P
SINGLE-PHASE ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER
OVERVIEW
Analog Devices' SALEM-1P low-cost reference design for a microcontroller-based single-phase energy meter includes tamper detection and resistance. The design is based on an ADSST-EM-1010 chipset, which consists of a microcontroller with built-in analog-todigital converter (ADC), nonvolatile memory and asynchronous communication port. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the SALEM-1P energy meter. In the SALEM-1P meter, the voltage signal is scaled down with a resistor network and then passed through a buffer stage. The current signals pass through current transformers and are then amplified. The conditioned voltage and the current signals are fed directly to the chip for processing. Dual current sensors enable the meter to detect tampering and register energy consumption even in the tampered condition.
TM
HIGHLIGHTS
* ADSST-EM-1010 ChipsetBased Design * Conforms to IEC-1036 Standard for Class 1 Accuracy at 15 A (Basic)/ 60 A (Maximum) Current * 110 V/240 V Operation * Line Frequency of 50/60 Hz * Measures Active Energy, Frequency and Power Factor * Measures RMS Value of Current and Voltage * Tamper-Proof. Detects Earth Tampering * Infrared Asynchronous Communication Port Conforming to IEC-1107 Protocol
CT1 CT2 LCD Display 88888888
SALEM-1P
* 8-Digit LCD Display
PT
ADSST-EM-1010
RTC
COM Port
Power Supply
Figure 1. Block diagram of SALEM-1P
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SALEM -1P
SINGLE-PHASE ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER
ADSST-EM-1010 Processor
The ADSST-EM-1010 is a low-cost single-chip processor, consisting of a microcontroller, ADC, nonvolatile memory and asynchronous communication port, optimized for standalone applications and an ideal choice for Single-Phase Energy Meters of Class 1 accuracy.
OPTIONAL FEATURES
* Battery Backup to Read the Meter During Blackouts * Multi-Tariff Metering with Four Programmable Slots, Based on Time or Load * Provision of Holiday/ Weekend Tariff
Theory of Operation
The phase voltage is scaled down by a resistor network and then passed through a buffer stage. The current signals are sensed by current transformers and then amplified. These conditioned signals are then fed to the ADC channel of the ADSST-EM-1010 for additional processing. From the digitized values of voltage and current, the RMS value of voltage, the RMS value of current, frequency, power factor, and active power are calculated over synchronous intervals. The ADSST-EM-1010 computes the energy by integrating these power measurements. The computed active energy is stored in the internal data memory of the ADSST-EM-1010 processor. These parameters are cyclically displayed on the 8-digit LCD display. The SALEM-1P energy meter will function normally even when tampered by one of the three basic tampering methods, including earth tampering. The tampering event is logged and stored in the internal nonvolatile memory. The on-board LED will indicate such a tampering event and can be reset only with an external terminal after verification of password. Figure 2 shows the internal connection of the meter.
Phase Neutral
SALEM-1P
C T
C T
Load
Figure 2. Internal Connection of SALEM-1P
SALEM -1P
SINGLE-PHASE ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER
Calibration/Monitor Program
The SALEM-1P energy meter is calibrated with Windows-based AD-1P software by clicking just a few buttons, and does not require adjustment of any trim potentiometers. The on board impulse LED is useful for checking the meter accuracy. The AD-1P software can be usedto program various slots for time or load for multi-tariff metering, and various computed parameters can also be seen on the computer monitor. OEMs can modify and adapt the AD-1P software for hand-held terminals for automatic meter-reading.
Technical Specifications of Reference Design
* Nominal Operating Voltage: 240 Volts * Basic Current: 15 Amperes * Maximum Current: 60 Amperes * Overvoltage Protection: 400 Volts * Nominal Frequency: 50 Hz * Temperature Range of Operation: -25C to +70C * Storage Temperature Range: -40C to +85C
SALEM -1P
SINGLE-PHASE ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER
Tamper-Proof
Figure 3 shows the standard connection diagram for the single phase meter.
Phase-I Neutral-I Neutral-O Phase-O
2. Reversal of mains and load connections.
Phase-O Neutral-O Neutral-I Phase-I
Load
Mains Load
Mains
Figure 3. Standard Connection
The SALEM-1P meter can measure active energy even if the meter is tampered by the following methods: 1. Reversal of Mains Phase and Neutral under normal load conditions.
Neutral-I Phase-I Phase-O Neutral-O
3. Drawings of load current through local earth when Mains Phase and Neutral are interchanged.
Neutral-I Phase-I Phase-O Neutral-O
Analog Devices, Inc., together with its partner, Technology & Research Pvt. Ltd., are developing the most advanced software system solutions for single phase meter today. All designs using this software must use ADSST-EM-10XX for ordering the chipset.
Mains
Load
Mains
Load
SALEM is a trademark of Analog Devices, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
http://www.analog.com/solutions
EUROPE HEADQUARTERS
Am Westpark 1-3 D-81373 Munchen, Germany Tel: 089/76 903-0; Fax: 089/76 903-157
JAPAN HEADQUARTERS
New Pier Takeshiba, South Tower Building 1-16-1 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-6891, Japan Tel: (3) 5402-8200; Fax: (3) 5402-1063
SOUTHEAST ASIA HEADQUARTERS
4501 Nat West Tower, Times Square Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, PRC Tel: (2) 2506-9336; Fax: 2506-4755 Tel: (2) 506-9336; Fax: 506-4755
WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106 Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781-461-3483; Fax: 781-461-4360 email: systems.solutions@analog.com Worldwide Website: http://www.analog.com/solutions
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PRINTED IN U.S.A.
H02159-.6-9/00(A)

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