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19-2515; Rev 0; 7/02
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier
General Description
The MAX9810 microphone preamplifier is intended for use inside electret condenser microphone (ECM) cartridges. Current solutions use a FET as an impedance converter. FETs have limited gain, are susceptible to noise and require additional components external to the ECM cartridge for biasing and amplification. The MAX9810 replaces the FET with a high-gain, high-noise rejection, low-output-impedance amplifier. Designed to be integrated inside the ECM cartridge, the MAX9810 offers a flat frequency response, tightly controlled gain, increased sensitivity, and high-noise rejection greatly simplifying system design. Target applications include ECM cartridges in cell phones, PDAs, notebooks, and other portable audio devices. The MAX9810 operates from a single 2.3V to 5.5V supply and consumes only 670A of quiescent current. The device features an internally generated 1.5V DC bias, and is available in three internally fixed gain options (24dB, 27dB, and 30dB). The MAX9810 is specified over the extended temperature range (-40C to +85C) and comes in a tiny 4-bump chip-scale package (UCSPTM) that is designed to fit inside the ECM cartridge.
Features
o Replaces FET in Electret Condenser Microphone o 2.3V to 5.5V Single-Supply Operation o Low-Impedance Output (<0.4) o High PSRR: 82dB o Three High-Gain Options: MAX9810A: 24dB MAX9810B: 27dB MAX9810C: 30dB o Internal Bias Voltage o Low Supply Current (670A) o Rail-to-Rail(R) Output o No Output Phase Reversal During Overload Conditions o Available in a Tiny 4-Bump UCSP
MAX9810
Ordering Information
PART MAX9810AEBS-T MAX9810BEBS-T MAX9810CEBS-T TEMP RANGE -40oC to +85oC -40oC to +85oC -40 C to +85 C
o o
Applications
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridges In: Cell Phones Notebooks PDAs Portable Audio
BUMPPACKAGE 4 UCSP-4 4 UCSP-4 4 UCSP-4
TOP MARK AFS AFT AFU
Selector Guide
PART BUMP-PACKAGE 4 UCSP-4 4 UCSP-4 4 UCSP-4 GAIN (dB) 24 27 30
Functional Diagram/ Typical Application Circuit
POWER
MAX9810AEBS-T MAX9810BEBS-T MAX9810CEBS-T
Pin Configuration
VDD ELECTRET MIC
MAX9810
OUTPUT
TOP VIEW (BUMP SIDE DOWN)
1 A 2
GND GND B ECM CARTRIDGE
VDD
OUT
MAX9810
IN UCSP GND
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola Ltd. USCP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier MAX9810
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VDD to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Continuous Current (IN, OUT) ..........................................20mA Output Short-Circuit Duration (to GND or VDD)..........Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 4-Bump UCSP (derate 3.0mWC above +70C) .......238.8mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Bump Temperature (soldering) (Note 1) Infrared (15s) ................................................................+220C Vapor Phase (60s) ........................................................+215C
Note 1: This device is constructed using a unique set of packaging techniques that impose a limit on the thermal profile the device can be exposed to during board level solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of the solder profiles recommended in the industry standard specification, JEDEC 020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for IR/VPR and convection reflow. Preheating is required. Hand or wave soldering is not allowed.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = 3V, GND = 0, RL = , VIN = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current Output Bias Voltage Input Bias Current Input Resistance Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL VDD IDD VBIAS IBIAS RIN PSRR 2.3V < VDD < 5.5V (Note 4) RL = 10k connected to 1.5V Output Voltage Swing High VOH RL = 1k connected to 1.5V Output Voltage Swing Low Output Short-Circuit Current VOL ISCC RL = 10k connected to 1.5V RL = 1k connected to 1.5V VDD = 5V VDD = 2.3V MAX9810A Voltage Gain AV VIN = 20mV MAX9810B MAX9810C 23 26 29 CONDITIONS Inferred from PSRR test 2.3V VDD 5.5V MAX9810A MAX9810B MAX9810C (Note 3) 0.025 70 VDD 0.04 VDD 0.15 1.3 1.3 1.3 MIN 2.3 670 1.48 1.53 1.58 5 5 86 VDD 0.015 V VDD 0.07 0.005 0.045 12 10 24 27 30 25 28 31 dB 0.015 0.08 V mA TYP MAX 5.5 950 1.7 1.7 1.8 100 pA G dB V UNITS V A
2
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Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = 3V, GND = 0, RL = 10k connected to 1.5V, CL = 20pF, CIN = 30pF connected to GND, VIN = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Input-Noise Voltage Density SYMBOL BWSS SR ts en CONDITIONS VOUT = 10mVP-P VOUT = 1V step VOUT = 1V step 10Hz RS = 0 (Note 5) 10Hz Input-Noise Current Density Total Integrated Noise Signal-to-Noise Ratio Output Impedance Power-Supply Rejection Ratio RF Noise Immunity Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Input Capacitance Turn-On Time THD + N CIN tON SNR ZOUT PSRR in 1kHz 10kHz Noise bandwidth = 20Hz to 7kHz VOUT = 2VP-P, noise bandwidth = 20Hz to 7kHz fIN = 1kHz VDD = 3V, VRIPPLE = 100mV, fRIPPLE = 1kHz 1GHz--carrier, 1kHz--AM tone fIN = 1kHz, VOUT = 1VP-P, noise bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz 1kHz 10kHz MIN TYP 900 0.03 1 60 16 15 5 1 1 4 90 0.4 82 82 0.02 3 10 VRMS dB dB dB % pF s pA/Hz nV/Hz MAX UNITS kHz V/s s
MAX9810
Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5:
All specifications are 100% tested at TA = +25C, temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Guaranteed by design. Not production tested. PSRR is input-referred. Noise measurement includes the noise contribution of the internal gain-setting resistors.
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Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier MAX9810
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = 3V, GND = 0, RL = 10k connected to 1.5V, CL = 20pF, CIN = 30pF connected to GND, VIN = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
90 80 70 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) VDD = 5V VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P 20 10 0 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) VDD = 3V VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P 20 10 0 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) VDD = 2.3V VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
MAX9810 toc01
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc02
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
80 70 60 PSRR (dB) 50 40 30
MAX9810 toc03
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30
90
MAX9810A GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
60 40 GAIN 20 GAIN (dB) 0 -20 -40 RL = 10k -60 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) -180 10M 10 10 PHASE 60 0 -60
MAX9810 toc04
INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc05
INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE vs. FREQUENCY
VDD = 3V INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/Hz)
MAX9810 toc06
180 INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/Hz) 120 PHASE (DEGREES)
1000 VDD = 5V
1000
100
100
-120
10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
INPUT-NOISE CURRENT vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc07
INPUT-NOISE CURRENT vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc08
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
A-WEIGHTED FILTER 1kHz TONE
MAX9810 toc09
100 VDD = 5V INPUT-NOISE CURRENT (pA/Hz)
100 VDD = 3V INPUT-NOISE CURRENT (pA/Hz)
100 95 90
10
10
SNR (dB) 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
85 80 75
1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
1
70 2 3 4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 6
4
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Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3V, GND = 0, RL = 10k connected to 1.5V, CL = 20pF, CIN = 30pF connected to GND, VIN = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
1kHz REJECTION vs. SWEPT AC SIGNAL ON POWER SUPPLY
MAX9810 toc10
MAX9810
OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH vs. LOAD
-0.05 OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH (V) -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -0.25 -0.30 -0.35 -0.40 -0.45 0.05 0 0.1k 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 0.1k VDD = 3V VDD = 2.3V
MAX9810 toc11
OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW vs. LOAD
MAX9810 toc12
90 1kHz AM-SIGNAL REJECTION RATIO (dB) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 500 600 700 800 900 NO BYPASS CAPACITOR 0.1F BYPASS CAPACITOR 1nF BYPASS CAPACITOR
0
0.35 0.30 OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW (V) 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 VDD = 3V
VDD = 2.3V
1000
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
CARRIER FREQUENCY (MHz)
LOAD ()
LOAD ()
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc13
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9810 toc14
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
VDD = 3V VIN = 20mVRMS 22Hz TO 22kHz BANDWIDTH THD + N (%)
MAX9810 toc15
100
0.1 VDD = 5V VIN = 35mVRMS 22Hz TO 22kHz BANDWIDTH THD + N (%)
0.1
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
10
0.01
0.01
1
0.1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz)
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX9810 toc16
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX9810 toc17
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VDD = 2.3V fIN = 1kHz 1
MAX9810 toc18
100 VDD = 5V fIN = 1kHz 10 THD + N (%)
10 VDD = 3V fIN = 1kHz 1
10
THD + N (%)
1
0.1
0.1 0.01
THD + N (%) 0 1.2
0.1
0.001 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VRMS)
0.01 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VRMS)
0.01 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VRMS)
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5
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier MAX9810
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3V, GND = 0, RL = 10k connected to 1.5V, CL = 20pF, CIN = 30pF connected to GND, VIN = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX9810 toc19
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX9810 toc20
OUTPUT BIAS VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX9810C 1.575 OUTPUT BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 1.550 MAX9810B 1.525 1.500 MAX9810A 1.475 1.450
MAX9810 toc21
685 MAX9810C 680 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 675 MAX9810B 670 665 MAX9810A 660 655 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
705 700 695 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 690 685 680 675 670 665 660 655 MAX9810A MAX9810B MAX9810C
1.600
6.0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
2
3
4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5
6
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
TEMPERATURE (C)
OUTPUT BIAS VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX9810 toc22
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE AT 10kHz
MAX9810 toc23
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE AT 10kHz
MAX9810 toc24
1.65 MAX9810C
OUTPUT BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
1.60
INPUT 2.5mV/div
INPUT 25mV/div
1.55
MAX9810B
1.50
MAX9810A OUTPUT 100mV/div OUTPUT 1V/div
1.45
1.40 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 10s/div 10s/div TEMPERATURE (C)
POWER-UP WAVEFORM
MAX9810 toc25
DRIVING MAXIMUM CAPACITIVE LOAD WAVEFORM
MAX9810 toc26
CL = 150pF VDD 1V/div OUTPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 500mV/div
INPUT 10mV/div
5s/div
10s/div
6
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Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier
Pin Description
BUMP A1 A2 B1 B2 NAME VDD OUT IN GND DESCRIPTION Amplifier Power Supply Amplifier Output Amplifier Input Ground
Applications Information
RF Noise Rejection
The MAX9810 features excellent RF rejection at common cellular-phone operating frequencies. Figure 4 shows the modulation products of a high-frequency signal coupling into the device power supply, while the device is driven with a 1kHz input. At 1GHz, the MAX9810 exhibits 82dB of rejection.
MAX9810
Detailed Description
The MAX9810 replaces the FET commonly used in ECMs with a high-gain, low-noise, low-output-impedance amplifier, offering improved performance over the traditional FET solution. The MAX9810 features high PSRR (82dB at 1kHz), and is available in three gain options (24dB, 27dB, and 30dB). ECMs with FET impedance converters require additional amplification (Figure 1). The high gain of the MAX9810 eliminates the need for an external preamplifier, allowing the ECM cartridge to be directly connected to front-end devices such as CODECs or ADCs (Figure 2). The MAX9810 also features excellent RF immunity (see the RF Noise Rejection section).
Supply Bypassing
Unlike FETs, the MAX9810 requires a separate power source (Figures 1 and 2). VDD must be connected to a 2.3V to 5.5V power supply external to the ECM cartridge, thus the MAX9810 ECM solution requires three electrical connections instead of the two commonly found in current FET solutions. For optimum performance, bypass the MAX9810 as close to the device as possible (inside the cartridge). This yields the best RF rejection and PSRR and is ideal for applications such as cell phones where high-frequency noise is present. The device operates properly if the bypass capacitor is placed on the circuit board outside the cartridge; however, RF rejection is slightly degraded in this configuration (Figure 4). This is well suited for applications where there is less high-frequency interference such as PDAs and notebook computers.
Rail-to-Rail Output
When operated from a 3V supply, the internal 1.5V DC bias point provides symmetrical, rail-to-rail operation where the output can swing to within 15mV of either rail into a 10k load. The 1.5V bias point is independent of supply, so when operated from supplies other than 3V, the MAX9810 output can run out of headroom on one of the supplies (Figure 3). This limits the peak-to-peak output to approximately: VOUT(P-P) = 3V for VDD > 3V VOUT(P-P) = VDD for VDD < 3V The MAX9810 shows no phase reversal when the device is overdriven. If the device output is driven into clipping, the overload behavior is predictable.
UCSP Layout
For land pattern and suggested layout of the 4-bump UCSP, see the JEDEC website at www.ipc.org/html/ framesetcatseg.html.
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7
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier MAX9810
+VS POWER
FET IMPEDANCE CONVERTER
EXTERNAL PREAMPLIFIER OUTPUT ELECTRET MIC 1.5V BIAS
VDD
MAX9810
OUTPUT
ELECTRET MIC GND ECM CARTRIDGE ECM CARTRIDGE GND GND
Figure 1. Conventional FET ECM
Figure 2. MAX9810 ECM
VDD = 3V
1kHz REJECTION vs. SWEPT AC SIGNAL ON POWER SUPPLY
1.5V
1kHz AM-SIGNAL REJECTION RATIO (dB) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 CARRIER FREQUENCY (MHz) NO BYPASS CAPACITOR 0.1F BYPASS CAPACITOR 1nF BYPASS CAPACITOR
GND NO CLIPPING, SYMMETRICAL RAIL-TO-RAIL OPERATION VDD = 5V
1.5V
GND OUTPUT SIGNAL CLIPS ON THE NEGATIVE RAIL FIRST VDD = 2.3V
Figure 4. MAX9810 RF Rejection
1.5V
Chip Information
GND OUTPUT CLIPS ON THE POSITIVE RAIL FIRST
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 427 PROCESS: BiCMOS
Figure 3. Rail-to-Rail Waveforms 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Electret Condenser Microphone Cartridge Preamplifier
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
4L, UCSP 2x2.EPS
MAX9810
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 _____________________ 9 (c) 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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