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19-1391; Rev 0; 10/98
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
General Description
The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 are quad, low-voltage, single-pole/single-throw (SPST) analog switches. Each switch is protected against 15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) shocks, without latchup or damage. On-resistance (100 max) is matched between switches to 4 max, and is flat (8 max) over the specified signal range. Each switch can handle Rail-to-Rail(R) analog signals. The off-leakage current is only 1nA at +25C and 10nA at +85C. The MAX4551 has four normally closed (NC) switches, and the MAX4552 has four normally open (NO) switches. The MAX4553 has two NC and two NO switches. These CMOS switches can operate with dual power supplies ranging from 2V to 6V or a single supply between +2V and +12V. They are fully specified for single +2.7V operation. All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring TTL/CMOS-logic compatibility when using 5V or a single +5V supply.
____________________________Features
o 15kV ESD Protection per IEC 1000-4-2 o +2V to +12V Single Supply 2V to 6V Dual Supplies o 120 Signal Paths with 5V Supplies o Low Power Consumption: <1W o 4 Separately Controlled SPST Switches o Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling o Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard DG211/DG212/DG213 o TTL/CMOS-Compatible Inputs with Dual 5V or Single +5V Supply
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Ordering Information
PART MAX4551CEE MAX4551CSE MAX4551CPE MAX4551C/D MAX4551EEE MAX4551ESE MAX4551EPE TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP
________________________Applications
Battery-Operated Equipment Data Acquisition Test Equipment Avionics Audio Signal Routing Networking
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. *Contact factory for dice specifications.
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
TOP VIEW
IN1 COM1 NC1 VGND NC4 COM4 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 IN2 COM2 NC2 V+ N.C. NC3 COM3 IN3 IN1 COM1 NO1 VGND NO4 COM4 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 IN2 COM2 NO2 V+ N.C. NO3 COM3 IN3 IN1 COM1 NO1 VGND NO4 COM4 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 IN2 COM2 NC2
V+
N.C. NC3 COM3 IN3
MAX4551
12 11 10 9
MAX4552
12 11 10 9
MAX4553
12 11 10 9
QSOP/SO/DIP
MAX4551 LOGIC SWITCH 0 1 ON OFF
QSOP/SO/DIP
MAX4552 LOGIC SWITCH 0 1 OFF ON LOGIC 0 1
QSOP/SO/DIP
MAX4553 SWITCHES 1, 4 OFF ON SWITCHES 2, 3 ON OFF
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED
SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769.
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Voltages Referenced to GND V+.....................................................................-0.3V to +13.0V V- .....................................................................-13.0V to +0.3V V+ to V- ............................................................-0.3V to +13.0V All Other Pins (Note 1) ..........................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................10mA Peak Current into Any Terminal (pulsed at 1ms,10% duty cycle)...................................20mA ESD per Method 3015.7 (IN_, COM_, V+, V-, GND) .......>2500V IEC 1000-4-2 (NO_, NC_) ..................................................15kV Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) QSOP (derate 9.52mW/C above +70C) ....................762mW Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/C above +70C) ............696mW Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/C above +70C) ..........842mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX455_C_E ......................................................0C to +70C MAX455_E_E ...................................................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +160C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300C
Note 1: Signals on NC_, NO_, COM_, or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward-diode current to maximum current rating.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies
(V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range (Note 3) COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Flatness (Note 5) NO_, NC_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) COM_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) COM_ On-Leakage Current (Note 6) VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ RON RON V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = 3V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = 3V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = +3V, 0, -3V V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V, VNO_ = 4.5V C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C 4.5V C, E +25C C, E -1 -10 -1 -10 -2 -20 0.01 0.01 0.01 4 1 V80 V+ 120 140 4 5 8 10 1 10 1 10 2 nA 20 V SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS
RFLAT(ON) INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) ICOM_(OFF) ICOM_(ON)
nA nA
V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V
2
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V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V, VNO_ =
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies (continued)
(V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low VIN_H VIN_L IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E C, E C, E -1 2.4 1.6 1.6 0.03 0.8 1 V V A SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) Charge Injection (Note 3) NO_, NC_ Off-Capacitance COM_ Off-Capacitance COM_ On-Capacitance tON tOFF tBBM Q CN_(OFF) CCOM_(OFF) CCOM_(ON) VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 2 CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 VCOM_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 VCOM_ = VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 7 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 100kHz, Figure 4 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 100kHz, Figure 5 +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C 5 20 2 3.5 3 10 5 50 70 110 125 90 100 ns ns ns pC pF pF pF
Off-Isolation (Note 7)
VISO
+25C
< -90
dB
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8) POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range V+ Supply Current V- Supply Current ESD PROTECTION
VCT
+25C
< -90
dB
V+, VI+ IV+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ V- = -5.5V
C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C +25C +25C +25C
2 -1 -1 -1 -1
0.05 0.05
6 1 1 1 1
V A A
Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Human Body Model MIL-STD-883C Method 3015
8 15 15 2.5 kV kV
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3
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +5V Supply
(V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) NO_, NC_ Off-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) COM_ Off-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) COM_ On-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low VIN_H VIN_L IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E C, E C, E -1 2.4 1.6 1.6 0.8 1 V V A VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ RON RON INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) ICOM_(OFF) ICOM_(ON) (Note 3) V+ = 5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 4.5V; VN_ = 4.5V, 1V V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 4.5V; VN_ = 4.5V, 1V V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 4.5V, 1V C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E, -1 -10 -1 -10 -2 -20 0.01 0.01 0.01 2 0 115 V+ 160 180 6 8 1 10 1 10 2 20 V SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS
nA nA nA
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) Charge Injection (Note 3) POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current ESD PROTECTION On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Human Body Model MIL-STD-883C Method 3015 +25C +25C +25C +25C 8 15 15 2.5 kV kV I+ V+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ +25C C, E -1 -1 0.05 1 1 A tON tOFF tBBM Q VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 2 CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C +25C 5 30 1 5 80 100 160 170 140 150 ns ns ns pC
4
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15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +3V Supply
(V+ = +2.7V to +3.6V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range (Note 3) COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low VIN_H VIN_L IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E C, E C, E -1 2.0 1.1 1.1 0.03 0.5 1 V V A VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ RON V+ = 2.7V, VCOM_ = 1.0V, ICOM_ = 0.1mA C, E +25C C, E 0 200 V+ 400 500 V SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 4) Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) Charge Injection POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current ESD PROTECTION On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Note 8: Note 9: Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Human Body Model MIL-STD-883C Method 3015 +25C +25C +25C +25C 8 15 15 2.5 kV kV I+ V+ = 3.6V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ +25C C, E -1 -1 0.05 1 1 A tON tOFF tBBM Q VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 1 VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 3.6V, Figure 2 CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 +25C C, E +25C C, E +25C +25C 10 50 1 5 160 190 350 400 250 300 ns ns ns pC
The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. Guaranteed by design. RON = RON(MAX) - RON(MIN). Resistance flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum on-resistance values, as measured over the specified analog signal range. Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum rated temperature, and guaranteed by correlation at TA = +25C. Off-isolation = 20log10 [ VCOM_ / (VNC_ or VNO_) ], VCOM_ = output, VNC_ or VNO_ = input to off switch. Between any two switches. Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies.
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5
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Typical Operating Characteristics
(V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, GND = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4551-01 MAX4551-02
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES)
130 120 110 RON () RON () 100 90 80 70 60 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 VCOM (V) V+ = +5V V- = -5V V+ = +3V V- = -3V V+ = +4V V- = -4V V+ = +2V V- = -2V 95 90 85 80
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (SINGLE SUPPLY)
V- = 0 180 160 RON () V+ = +3.3V 140 120 100 80 V+ = +5V V+ = +2.7V
MAX4551-03
200
TA = +85C
75 70 65 60 55 50 -6 -4 -2 V+ = +5V V- = -5V
TA = +25C
TA = 0C TA = -40C
0 VCOM (V)
2
4
6
0
1
2
3 VCOM (V)
4
5
6
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY)
TA = +85C 120 110 RON () 100 90 TA = 0C 80 TA = -40C 70 60 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VCOM (V) V+ = +5V V- = 0 0.1p -55 1p TA = +25C LEAKAGE (A)
MAX4551-04
ON- AND OFF-LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4551-05
CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM
8 6 4 Q (pC) 2 0 -2 -4 V+ = +5V V- = -5V
MAX4551-06
130
10n
10
1n
ON-LEAKAGE
100p
10p OFF-LEAKAGE
-6 -8 -10
V+ = +5V V- = 0
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
TEMPERATURE (C)
VCOM (V)
SCR HOLDING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4551-07
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4551-08
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. TEMPERATURE
85 80
MAX4551-09
200 180 HOLDING CURRENT (mA) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 IHIH+
170 150 130 tON , tOFF (ns)
90
75 tON, tOFF (ns) 70 65 60 55 50 tOFF tON
110 tON 90 tOFF 70 50 30
45 40 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V+, V-) -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
6
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15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
_____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, GND = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4551-11 MAX4551-10
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
10 1
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
-10 -20 -30 ON-PHASE INSERTION LOSS
MAX4551-12
0
1 I+, I- (nA) 0.1
V+ = +5V V- = -5V 600 IN and OUT
THD (%)
0.1
I+
LOSS (dB)
-40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 50 IN/OUT 100k 1m 10m FREQUENCY (Hz) 100m 500m OFF-ISOLATION
0.01 I0.01 0.001
0.0001 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
0.001 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 2M FREQUENCY (Hz)
-100
Pin Description
PIN NAME MAX4551 1, 16, 9, 8 2, 15, 10, 7 3, 14, 11, 6 -- -- -- 4 MAX4552 1, 16, 9, 8 2, 15, 10, 7 -- 3, 14, 11, 6 -- -- 4 MAX4553 1, 16, 9, 8 2, 15, 10, 7 -- -- 3, 6 14, 11 4 IN1-IN4 COM1-COM4 NC1-NC4 NO1-NO4 NO1, NO4 NC2, NC3 VLogic-Control Digital Inputs Analog Switch Common* Terminals Analog Switch Normally Closed Terminals Analog Switch Normally Open Terminals Analog Switch Normally Open Terminals Analog Switch Normally Closed Terminals Negative Analog Supply-Voltage Input. Connect to GND for singlesupply operation. Ground. Connect to digital ground. (Analog signals have no ground reference; they are limited to V+ and V-.) No Connection. Not internally connected. Positive Analog and Digital Supply Voltage Input. Internally connected to substrate. FUNCTION
5 12 13
5 12 13
5 12 13
GND N.C. V+
*NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction.
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7
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Applications Information
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD Protection
The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 are 15kV ESD-protected according to IEC 1000-4-2 at their NC/NO pins. To accomplish this, bidirectional SCRs are included onchip between these pins and the GND pin. In normal operation, these SCRs are off and have negligible effect on the performance of the switches. When there is an ESD strike at these pins, however, the voltages at these pins go Beyond-the-RailsTM and cause the corresponding SCR(s) to turn on in a few nanoseconds and bypass the surge safely to ground. This method is superior to using diode clamps to the supplies because unless the supplies are very carefully decoupled through low ESR capacitors, the ESD current through the diode clamp could cause a significant spike in the supplies. This may damage or compromise the reliability of any other chip powered by those same supplies. In the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553, there are diodes to the supplies in addition to the SCRs at the NC/NO pins, but there is a resistance in series with these diodes to limit the current into the supplies during an ESD strike. The diodes are present to protect these pins from overvoltages that are not as a result of ESD strikes like those that may occur due to improper power-supply sequencing. Once the SCR turns on because of an ESD strike, it continues to be on until the current through it falls below its "holding current." The holding current is typically 110mA in the positive direction (current flowing into the NC/NO pin) and 95mA in the negative direction at room temperature (see SCR Holding Current vs. Temperature in the Typical Operating Characteristics). The system should be designed such that any sources connected to these pins are current limited to a value below these to make sure the SCR turns off when the ESD event gets over to resume normal operation. Also, keep in mind that the holding current varies significantly with temperature. At +85C, which represents the worst case, the holding currents drop to 70mA and 65mA in the positive and negative directions respectively. Since these are typical numbers, to get guaranteed turn-off of the SCRs under all conditions, the sources connected to these pins should be current limited to not more than half these values. When the SCR is latched, the voltage across it is about 3V, depending on the polarity of the pin current. The supply voltages do not affect the holding currents appreciably. The sources connected to the COM side of the switches
Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
do not need to be current limited since the switches are made to turn off internally when the corresponding SCR(s) get latched. Even though most of the ESD current flows to GND through the SCRs, a small portion of it goes into the supplies. Therefore, it is a good idea to bypass the supply pins with 100nF capacitors directly to the ground plane. ESD protection can be tested in various ways. Transmitter outputs and receiver inputs are characterized for protection to the following: * 15kV using the Human Body Model * 8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2) * 15kV using the Air-Gap Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2).
ESD Test Conditions Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, methodology, and results. Human Body Model Figure 8 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 9 shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5k resistor. IEC 1000-4-2 The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX4551/MAX4552/ MAX4553 enable the design of equipment that meets Level 4 (the highest level) of IEC 1000-4-2, without additional ESD protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2. Because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 ESD test model (Figure 10), the ESD withstand voltage measured to this standard is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 11 shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Contact Discharge test.
The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized.
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
Power-Supply Considerations
Overview The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 construction is typical of most CMOS analog switches. They have three supply pins: V+, V-, and GND. V+ and V- are used to drive the internal CMOS switches, and they set the limits of the analog voltage on any switch. Reverse ESDprotection diodes are internally connected between each analog-signal pin and both V+ and V-. If any analog signal exceeds V+ or V-, one of these diodes conducts. During normal operation these reverse-biased ESD diodes leak, forming the only current drawn from V+ or V-. Virtually all the analog leakage current is through the ESD diodes. Although the ESD diodes on a given signal pin are identical and therefore fairly well balanced, they are reverse biased differently. Each is biased by either V+ or V- and the analog signal. This means their leakages vary as the signal varies. The difference in the two diode leakages from the signal path to the V+ and V- pins constitutes the analog-signal-path leakage current. All analog leakage current flows to the supply terminals, not to the other switch terminal. This explains how both sides of a given switch can show leakage currents of the same or opposite polarity. The analog signal paths consist of an N-channel and Pchannel MOSFET with their sources and drains paralleled, and their gates driven out of phase to V+ and Vby the logic-level translators. V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators, and set the input logic thresholds. The logic-level translators convert the logic levels to switched V+ and V- signals, to drive the gates of the analog switches. This drive signal is the only connection between the logic supplies and the analog supplies. V+ and V- have ESD-protection diodes to GND. The logic-level inputs and output have ESD protection to V+ and to GND. Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds, but it does increase the drive to the P-channel switches, reducing their on-resistance. V- also sets the negative limit of the analog signal voltage.
The logic-level thresholds are CMOS/TTL compatible when V+ = +5V. The threshold increases slightly as V+ is raised, and when V+ reaches +12V, the level threshold is about 3.1V. This is above the TTL output highlevel minimum of 2.8V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs.
Bipolar Supplies The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 operate with bipolar supplies between 2V and 6V. The V+ and V- supplies need not be symmetrical, but their sum cannot exceed the absolute maximum rating of 13.0V. Do not connect the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 V+ to +3V, and then connect the logic-level-input pins to TTL logic-level signals. TTL logic-level outputs in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can damage the part and/or external circuits.
Caution: The absolute maximum V+ to V- differential voltage is 13.0V. Typical 6V or 12V supplies with 10% tolerances can be as high as 13.2V. This voltage can damage the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553. Even 5% tolerance supplies may have overshoot or noise spikes that exceed 13.0V.
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Single Supply The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 operate from a single supply between +2V and +12V when V- is connected to GND. All of the bipolar precautions must be observed.
High-Frequency Performance
In 50 systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to 50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Above 20MHz, the on-response has several minor peaks that are highly layout-dependent. The problem with high-frequency operation is not turning the switch on, but turning it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At 10MHz, off-isolation is about -52dB in 50 systems, becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as frequency increases. Higher circuit impedances also make off-isolation worse. Adjacent channel attenuation is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket, and is due entirely to capacitive coupling.
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15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
SWITCH INPUT V COM COM +5V V+ NO or NC RL 300 V-5V SWITCH OUTPUT 0V t ON SWITCH OUTPUT VOUT CL 35pF VOUT LOGIC INPUT +3V 50% 0V t r < 20ns t f < 20ns
IN, EN LOGIC INPUT GND 0V
t OFF
0.9 * V0UT
0.9 * VOUT
CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE. RL VOUT = VCOM RL + RON
(
)
LOGIC INPUT WAVEFORMS INVERTED FOR EN AND SWITCHES THAT HAVE THE OPPOSITE LOGIC SENSE.
Figure 1. Switching Time
MAX4553
VCOM1 VCOM2 COM1 COM2 IN1, 2 LOGIC INPUT GND
+5V V+
LOGIC INPUT NO NC RL2 VOUT2 CL2 RL1 VOUT1 CL1 SWITCH OUTPUT 1 (VOUT1) SWITCH OUTPUT 2 (VOUT2) RL = 300 CL = 35pF
+3V 50% 0V 0.9 * V0UT1 0V
V-5V
0.9 * VOUT2 0V tD tD
CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE.
Figure 2. Break-Before-Make Interval (MAX4553 only)
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
RGEN COM
+5V V+ VOUT NC or NO CL GND IN VVOUT IN OFF ON
VOUT
V GEN
OFF
-5V VIN = +3V
IN
OFF
ON Q = (V OUT )(C L )
OFF
IN DEPENDS ON SWITCH CONFIGURATION; INPUT POLARITY DETERMINED BY SENSE OF SWITCH.
Figure 3. Charge Injection
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
N01 IN2 0 or 2.4V N02 GND RL VCOM2 V10nF 50
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
10nF SIGNAL GENERATOR 0dBm
+5V
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
SIGNAL GENERATOR 0dBm
10nF
+5V
COM
V+ 0 or 2.4V
V+ COM1 IN1
IN ANALYZER RL VNC or NO GND V-
0V or 2.4V
ANALYZER
NC
10nF
Figure 4. Off-Isolation
Figure 5. Crosstalk
10nF
+5V
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
10nF
+5V
MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553
V+ COM CAPACITANCE METER IN CAPACITANCE METER f = 1MHz NC or NO GND V10nF 0 or 2.4V COM
V+
IN f = 1MHz NC or NO GND V10nF
0 or 2.4V
V-
V-
Figure 6. Channel Off-Capacitance
Figure 7. Channel On-Capacitance
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RD 1500 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST IP 100% 90% AMPERES Cs 100pF STORAGE CAPACITOR 36.8% 10% 0 0 tRL TIME tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)
Figure 8. Human Body ESD Test Model
Figure 9. Human Body Model Current Waveform
RC 50M to 100M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
I 100% 90% I PEAK
Cs 150pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
10% t r = 0.7ns to 1ns 30ns 60ns t
Figure 10. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model
Figure 11. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
Chip Topographies
MAX4551
NC2 V+ NC3
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
COM2 IN2
COM3 IN3 0.080" (2.03mm)
IN1 COM1
IN4 COM4
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 126
NC1 VGND NC4
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GND
0.061" (1.55mm)
MAX4552
NO2 V+ NO3 NC2
MAX4553
V+ NC3
COM2 IN2
COM3 IN3 0.080" (2.03mm)
COM2 IN2
COM3 IN3 0.080" (2.03mm)
IN1 COM1
IN4 COM4
IN1 COM1
IN4 COM4
NO1
V-
GND
N04
NO1
V-
GND
N04
0.061" (1.55mm)
0.061" (1.55mm)
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX4552CEE MAX4552CSE MAX4552CPE MAX4552C/D MAX4552EEE MAX4552ESE MAX4552EPE MAX4553CEE MAX4553CSE MAX4553CPE MAX4553C/D MAX4553EEE MAX4553ESE MAX4553EPE TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP
*Contact factory for dice specifications.
Package Information
QSOP.EPS
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches
Package Information (continued)
SOICN.EPS
MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553
Package Information (continued)
PDIPN.EPS
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 1998 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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