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19-2647; Rev 2; 6/03
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
General Description
The MAX6126 is an ultra-low-noise, high-precision, lowdropout voltage reference. This family of voltage references feature curvature-correction circuitry and high-stability, laser-trimmed, thin-film resistors that result in 3ppm/C (max) temperature coefficients and an excellent 0.02% (max) initial accuracy. The proprietary low-noise reference architecture produces a low flicker noise of 1.3VP-P and wideband noise as low as 60nV/Hz (2.048V output) without the increased supply current usually found in low-noise references. Improve wideband noise to 35nV/Hz and AC power-supply rejection by adding a 0.1F capacitor at the noise reduction pin. The MAX6126 series mode reference operates from a wide 2.7V to 12.6V supply voltage range and load-regulation specifications are guaranteed to be less than 0.025 for sink and source currents up to 10mA. These devices are available over the automotive temperature range of -40C to +125C. The MAX6126 typically draws 380A of supply current and is available in 2.048V, 2.500V, 3.000V, 4.096V, and 5.000V output voltages. These devices also feature dropout voltages as low as 200mV. Unlike conventional shunt-mode (two-terminal) references that waste supply current and require an external resistor, the MAX6126 offers supply current that is virtually independent of supply voltage and does not require an external resistor. The MAX6126 is stable with 0.1F to 10F of load capacitance. The MAX6126 is available in the tiny 8-pin MAX, as well as 8-pin SO packages.
Features
o Ultra-Low 1.3VP-P Noise (0.1Hz to 10Hz, 2.048V Output) o Ultra-Low 3ppm/C (max) Temperature Coefficient o 0.02% (max) Initial Accuracy o Wide (VOUT + 200mV) to 12.6V Supply Voltage Range o Low 200mV (max) Dropout Voltage o 380A Quiescent Supply Current o 10mA Sink/Source-Current Capability o Stable with CLOAD = 0.1F to 10F o Low 20ppm/1000hr Long-Term Stability o 0.025 (max) Load Regulation o 20V/V (max) Line Regulation o Force and Sense Outputs for Remote Sensing
MAX6126
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
NR IN GND 1 2 8 7 I.C.* OUTF OUTS I.C.*
MAX6126
3 6 5 GNDS 4
Applications
High-Resolution A/D and D/A Converters ATE Equipment High-Accuracy Reference Standard Precision Current Sources Digital Voltmeters High-Accuracy Industrial and Process Control
SO/MAX *I.C. = INTERNALLY CONNECTED. DO NOT USE.
Ordering Information
PART MAX6126AASA21 MAX6126BASA21 MAX6126AAUA21 TEMP RANGE -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C PINPACKAGE 8 SO 8 SO 8 MAX OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.048 2.048 2.048 MAXIMUM INITIAL ACCURACY (%) 0.02 0.06 0.06 MAXIMUM TEMPCO (-40C to +85C) (ppm/C) 3 5 3 TOP MARK -- -- 6126A21
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(All voltages referenced to GND) GNDS ....................................................................-0.3V to +0.3V IN ........................................................................... -0.3V to +13V OUTF, OUTS, NR........ -0.3V to the lesser of (VIN + 0.3V) or +6V Output Short Circuit to GND or IN ..........................................60s Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 8-Pin MAX (derate 4.5mW/C above +70C) ............362mW 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/C above +70C) ...............471mW Operating Temperature Range ........................-40C to +125C Junction Temperature .....................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range ............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_21 (VOUT = 2.048V)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER OUTPUT Output Voltage VOUT TA = +25C A grade SO Output Voltage Accuracy Referred to VOUT, TA = +25C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO TA = -40C to +85C Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) TCVOUT TA = -40C to +125C VOUT/ VIN VOUT/ IOUT ISC VOUT/ cycle VOUT/ time 2.7V VIN 12.6V B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX Line Regulation Load Regulation OUT Short-Circuit Current Thermal Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 0.7 1.3 160 20 25 80 SO MAX 20 100 -0.02 -0.06 -0.06 -0.1 0.5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 2 2.048 +0.02 +0.06 +0.06 +0.1 3 5 3 7 5 10 5 12 20 40 25 25 V/V V/mA mA ppm ppm/ 1000hr ppm/C % V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Sourcing: 0 IOUT 10mA Sinking: -10mA IOUT 0 Short to GND Short to IN SO MAX 1000hr at TA = +25C
2
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_21 (VOUT = 2.048V) (continued)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Voltage eOUT f = 1kHz, CNR = 0 f = 1kHz, CNR = 0.1F Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range INPUT Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIN IIN Guaranteed by line-regulation test TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 2.7 380 12.6 550 725 V A tR CLOAD To VOUT = 0.01% of final value No sustained oscillations CNR = 0 CNR = 0.1F 1.3 60 35 0.8 20 0.1 to 10 VP-P nV/Hz ms F SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX6126
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_25 (VOUT = 2.500V)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER OUTPUT Output Voltage VOUT TA = +25C A grade SO Output Voltage Accuracy Referred to VOUT, TA = +25C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO TA = -40C to +85C Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) TCVOUT TA = -40C to +125C VOUT/ VIN VOUT/ IOUT B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX Line Regulation Load Regulation 2.7V VIN 12.6V TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 1 1.8 -0.02 -0.06 -0.06 -0.1 0.5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 2.500 +0.02 +0.06 +0.06 +0.1 3 5 3 7 5 10 5 12 20 40 25 25 V/V V/mA ppm/C % V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Sourcing: 0 IOUT 10mA Sinking: -10mA IOUT 0
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3
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_25 (VOUT = 2.500V) (continued)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Dropout Voltage (Note 3) OUT Short-Circuit Current Thermal Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Voltage eOUT f = 1kHz, CNR = 0 f = 1kHz, CNR = 0.1F Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range INPUT Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIN IIN Guaranteed by line-regulation test TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 2.7 380 12.6 550 725 V A tR CLOAD To VOUT = 0.01% of final value No sustained oscillations CNR = 0 CNR = 0.1F 1.45 75 45 1 20 0.1 to 10 VP-P nV/Hz ms F SYMBOL VIN - VOUT VOUT = 0.1% ISC VOUT/ cycle VOUT/ time Short to GND Short to IN SO MAX 1000hr at TA = +25C SO MAX CONDITIONS IOUT = 5mA IOUT = 10mA MIN TYP 0.06 0.12 160 20 35 80 20 100 MAX 0.2 0.4 UNITS V mA ppm ppm/ 1000hr
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_30 (VOUT = 3.000V)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER OUTPUT Output Voltage VOUT TA = +25C A grade SO Output Voltage Accuracy Referred to VOUT, TA = +25C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO TA = -40C to +85C Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) TCVOUT TA = -40C to +125C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX -0.02 -0.06 -0.06 -0.1 0.5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3.000 +0.02 +0.06 +0.06 +0.1 3 5 3 7 5 10 5 12 ppm/C % V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
4
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_30 (VOUT = 3.000V) (continued)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note 3) OUT Short-Circuit Current Thermal Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Voltage Capacitive-Load Stability Range Turn-On Settling Time INPUT Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIN IIN Guaranteed by line-regulation test TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 3.2 380 12.6 550 725 V A eOUT CLOAD tR f = 1kHz, CNR = 0 f = 1kHz, CNR = 0.1F No sustained oscillations To VOUT = 0.01% of final value CNR = 0 CNR = 0.1F 1.75 90 55 0.1 to 10 1.2 20 VP-P nV/Hz F ms SYMBOL VOUT/ VIN VOUT/ IOUT CONDITIONS 3.2V VIN 12.6V TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 1.5 2.8 0.06 0.11 160 20 20 80 SO MAX 20 100 MIN TYP 4 MAX 25 50 30 30 0.2 0.4 UNITS V/V V/mA V mA ppm ppm/ 1000hr
MAX6126
Sourcing: 0 IOUT 10mA Sinking: -10mA IOUT 0 IOUT = 5mA IOUT = 10mA
VIN - VOUT VOUT = 0.1% ISC VOUT/ cycle VOUT/ time Short to GND Short to IN SO MAX
1000hr at TA = +25C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_41 (VOUT = 4.096V)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER OUTPUT Output Voltage VOUT TA = +25C A grade SO Output Voltage Accuracy Referred to VOUT, TA = +25C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX -0.02 -0.06 -0.06 -0.1 4.096 +0.02 +0.06 +0.06 +0.1 % V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
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5
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_41 (VOUT = 4.096V) (continued)
(VIN = 5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL TA = -40C to +85C Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) TCVOUT TA = -40C to +125C VOUT/ VIN VOUT/ IOUT CONDITIONS A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note 3) OUT Short-Circuit Current Thermal Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Voltage Capacitive-Load Stability Range Turn-On Settling Time INPUT Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIN IIN Guaranteed by line-regulation test TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 4.3 380 12.6 550 725 V A eOUT CLOAD tR f = 1kHz, CNR = 0 f = 1kHz, CNR = 0.1F No sustained oscillations To VOUT = 0.01% of final value CNR = 0 CNR = 0.1F 2.4 120 80 0.1 to 10 1.6 20 VP-P nV/Hz F ms 4.3V VIN 12.6V TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 2 5 0.05 0.1 160 20 20 80 SO MAX 20 100 MIN TYP 0.5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 4.5 MAX 3 5 3 7 5 10 5 12 30 60 40 40 0.2 0.4 V/V V/mA V mA ppm ppm/ 1000hr ppm/C UNITS
Sourcing: 0 IOUT 10mA Sinking: -10mA IOUT 0 IOUT = 5mA IOUT = 10mA
VIN - VOUT VOUT = 0.1% ISC VOUT/ cycle VOUT/ time Short to GND Short to IN SO MAX 1000hr at TA = +25C
6
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_50 (VOUT = 5.000V)
(VIN = 5.5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER OUTPUT Output Voltage VOUT TA = +25C A grade SO Output Voltage Accuracy TA = +25C B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO TA = -40C to +85C Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) TCVOUT TA = -40C to +125C VOUT/ VIN VOUT/ IOUT B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX A grade SO B grade SO A grade MAX B grade MAX Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note 3) OUT Short-Circuit Current Thermal Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Voltage Capacitive-Load Stability Range eOUT CLOAD f = 1kHz, CNR = 0 f = 1kHz, CNR = 0.1F No sustained oscillations 2.85 145 95 0.1 to 10 VP-P nV/Hz F 5.2V VIN 12.6V TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 2.5 6.5 0.05 0.1 160 20 15 80 SO MAX 20 100 -0.02 -0.06 -0.06 -0.1 0.5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 5.000 +0.02 +0.06 +0.06 +0.1 3 5 3 7 5 10 5 12 40 80 50 50 0.2 0.4 V/V V/mA V mA ppm ppm/ 1000hr ppm/C % V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX6126
Sourcing: 0 IOUT 10mA Sinking: -10mA IOUT 0 IOUT = 5mA IOUT = 10mA
VIN - VOUT VOUT = 0.1% ISC VOUT/ cycle VOUT/ time Short to GND Short to IN SO MAX 1000hr at TA = +25C
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7
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX6126_50 (VOUT = 5.000V) (continued)
(VIN = 5.5V, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Turn-On Settling Time INPUT Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIN IIN Guaranteed by line-regulation test TA = +25C TA = -40C to +125C 5.2 380 12.6 550 725 V A SYMBOL tR CONDITIONS To VOUT = 0.01% of final value CNR = 0 CNR = 0.1F MIN TYP 2 20 MAX UNITS ms
Note 1: Temperature coefficient is measured by the "box" method, i.e., the maximum VOUT / VOUT is divided by the maximum T. Note 2: Thermal hysteresis is defined as the change in +25C output voltage before and after cycling the device from TMAX to TMIN. Note 3: Dropout voltage is defined as the minimum differential voltage (VIN - VOUT) at which VOUT decreases by 0.1% from its original value at VIN = 5.0V (VIN = 5.5V for VOUT = 5.0V).
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VIN = 5V for MAX6126_21/25/30/41, VIN = 5.5V for MAX6126_50, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 5)
MAX6126A_21 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT (VOUT = 2.048V) (SO)
MAX6126 toc01
MAX6126A_21 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT (VOUT = 2.048V) (MAX)
MAX6126 toc02
MAX6126A_50 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT (VOUT = 5.000V) (SO)
THREE TYPICAL PARTS
MAX6126 toc03
2.0490 2.0485 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.0480 2.0475 2.0470 2.0465 2.0460
THREE TYPICAL PARTS
2.0490
THREE TYPICAL PARTS
5.002
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.0480
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) -50 125
2.0485
5.001
5.000
2.0475
4.999
2.0470 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE (C) TEMPERATURE (C)
4.998 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (C)
8
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VIN = 5V for MAX6126_21/25/30/41, VIN = 5.5V for MAX6126_50, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 5)
MAX6126A_50 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT (VOUT = 5.000V) (MAX)
THREE TYPICAL PARTS
MAX6126 toc04
MAX6126
MAX6126_21 LOAD REGULATION
MAX6126 toc05
MAX6126_50 LOAD REGULATION
TA = +25C 5.000 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
MAX6126 toc06
5.002
2.0485 TA = +25C 2.0480 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.001
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.001
2.0475 TA = -40C 2.0470
4.999
TA = -40C
5.000
4.998 TA = +125C
4.999
2.0465 TA = +125C
4.997
4.998 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (C)
2.0460 -10 -5 0 5 10 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
4.996 -10 -5 0 5 10 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
MAX6126_25 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. SOURCE CURRENT
MAX6126 toc07
MAX6126_50 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. SOURCE CURRENT
MAX6126 toc08
MAX6126_21 POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX6126 toc09
300 250 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 200 150 100 50 0 0 3 6 9 12 TA = -40C TA = +125C
250
0 -20 -40
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
200
TA = +125C
PSRR (dB) TA = -40C 15
150
TA = +25C
-60 -80 -100 -120 0.001
100
TA = +25C
50
0 15 0 3 6 9 12 SOURCE CURRENT (mA) SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
MAX6126_50 POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX6126 toc10
MAX6126_21 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX6126 toc11
MAX6126_50 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
800 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 TA = +25C TA = -40C TA = +125C
MAX6126 toc12
0 -20 -40 PSRR (dB) -60 -80 -100 -120 0.001
600 500 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 400 300 200 100 0 TA = +125C TA = +25C TA = -40C
900
0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
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9
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VIN = 5V for MAX6126_21/25/30/41, VIN = 5.5V for MAX6126_50, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 5)
MAX6126_21 OUTPUT NOISE (0.1Hz TO 10Hz)
MAX6126 toc13
MAX6126_50 OUTPUT NOISE (0.1Hz TO 10Hz)
VOUT = 5V
MAX6126 toc14
VOUT = 2.048V
0.4V/div
1V/div
1s/div
1s/div
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc15
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc16
10mA IOUT 5mA/div 0mA
1mA IOUT 500A/div -100A
VOUT AC-COUPLED 100mV/div
VOUT AC-COUPLED 20mV/div
200s/div CLOAD = 0.1F VIN = 5V IOUT = 0 TO 10mA VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 0.1F VIN = 5V
200s/div IOUT = -100A TO 1mA VOUT = 2.048V
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc17
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc18
-1mA IOUT 5mA/div -10mA
10mA IOUT 5mA/div 0mA VOUT AC-COUPLED 20mV/div
VOUT AC-COUPLED 100mV/div
400s/div CLOAD = 0.1F VIN = 5V IOUT = -1mA TO -10mA VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 10F VIN = 5V
1ms/div IOUT = 0 TO 10mA VOUT = 2.048V
10
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VIN = 5V for MAX6126_21/25/30/41, VIN = 5.5V for MAX6126_50, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 5)
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc19
MAX6126
MAX6126_21 LOAD TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc20
+1mA IOUT 500A/div -100A
-1mA IOUT 5mA/div -10mA
VOUT AC-COUPLED 10mV/div
VOUT AC-COUPLED 50mV/div
1ms/div CLOAD = 10F VIN = 5V IOUT = -100A TO 1mA VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 10F VIN = 5V
400s/div IOUT = -1mA TO -10mA VOUT = 2.048V
MAX6126_21 LINE TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc21
MAX6126_50 LINE TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc22
3.2V VIN 200mV/div 2.7V
5.7V VIN 200mV/div 5.2V
VOUT AC-COUPLED 20mV/div
VOUT AC-COUPLED 10mV/div
20s/div VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 0.1F VIN = 5.2V TO 5.7V VOUT = 5V
400s/div CLOAD = 0.1F
MAX6126_21 TURN-ON TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc23
MAX6126_50 TURN-ON TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc24
5.5V VIN 2V/div GND VOUT 1V/div
5.5V VIN 2V/div GND
VOUT 2V/div GND
20s/div CLOAD = 0.1F VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 0.1F VOUT = 5V
200s/div
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11
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VIN = 5V for MAX6126_21/25/30/41, VIN = 5.5V for MAX6126_50, CLOAD = 0.1F, IOUT = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 5)
MAX6126_21 TURN-ON TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc25
MAX6126_50 TURN-ON TRANSIENT
MAX6126 toc26
MAX6126B_25 LONG-TERM STABILITY vs. TIME (SO)
TWO TYPICAL PARTS VOUT = 2.5V
MAX6126 toc27
2.5006 5.5V VIN 2V/div VOUT (V) GND VOUT 2V/div GND 2.4994 2.5004 2.5002 2.5000 2.4998 2.4996
5.5V VIN 2V/div GND
VOUT 1V/div
40s/div CLOAD = 10F VOUT = 2.048V CLOAD = 10F VOUT = 5V
400s/div
0
200
400
600
800
1000
TIME (hr)
MAX6126B_25 LONG-TERM STABILITY vs. TIME (MAX)
MAX6126 toc28
MAX6126B_50 LONG-TERM STABILITY vs. TIME (SO)
MAX6126 toc29
MAX6126B_50 LONG-TERM STABILITY vs. TIME (MAX)
TWO TYPICAL PARTS VOUT = 5V 5.0005
MAX6126 toc30
2.5010
5.0006 5.0004 5.0002
5.0010
TWO TYPICAL PARTS VOUT = 5V
2.5005 VOUT (V) VOUT (V) VOUT (V)
2.5000
5.0000 4.9998
5.0000
2.4995 TWO TYPICAL PARTS VOUT = 2.5V 2.4990 0 200 400 600 800 1000 TIME (hr) 4.9996 4.9994 0 200 400 600 800 1000 TIME (hr)
4.9995
4.9990 0 200 400 600 800 1000 TIME (hr)
Note 5: Many of the MAX6126 Typical Operating Characteristics are extremely similar. The extremes of these characteristics are found in the MAX6126_21 (2.048V output) and the MAX6126_50 (5.000V output). The Typical Operating Characteristics of the remainder of the MAX6126 family typically lie between those two extremes and can be estimated based on their output voltages.
12
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
Pin Description
(VOUT + 200mV) TO 12.6V INPUT
MAX6126
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION Noise Reduction. Connect a 0.1F capacitor to improve wideband noise. Leave unconnected if not used (see Figure 1). Positive Power-Supply Input Ground Ground-Sense Connection. Connect to ground connection at load. Internally Connected. Do not connect anything to these pins. Voltage Reference Sense Output Voltage Reference Force Output. Short OUTF to OUTS as close to the load as possible. Bypass OUTF with a capacitor (0.1F to 10F) to GND.
0.1F* GND GNDS * NR IN OUTF REFERENCE OUTPUT
1
NR
2 3 4 5, 8 6
IN GND GNDS I.C. OUTS
MAX6126
OUTS
7
OUTF
*OPTIONAL.
Figure 1. Noise-Reduction Capacitor
Detailed Description
Wideband Noise Reduction
To improve wideband noise and transient power-supply noise, add a 0.1F capacitor to NR (Figure 1). Larger values do not improve noise appreciably. A 0.1F NR capacitor reduces the noise from 60nV/Hz to 35nV/Hz for the 2.048V output. Noise in the powersupply input can affect output noise, but can be reduced by adding an optional bypass capacitor between IN and GND, as shown in the Typical Operating Circuit.
up to 300A beyond the nominal supply current. The input voltage source must be capable of providing this current to ensure reliable turn-on.
Thermal Hysteresis
Thermal hysteresis is the change of output voltage at TA = +25C before and after the device is cycled over its entire operating temperature range. The typical thermal hysteresis value is 20ppm (SO package).
Turn-On Time
These devices typically turn on and settle to within 0.1% of their final value in 200s to 2ms depending on the device. The turn-on time can increase up to 4ms with the device operating at the minimum dropout voltage and the maximum load. A noise reduction capacitor of 0.1F increases the turn-on time to 20ms.
Output Bypassing
The MAX6126 requires an output capacitor between 0.1F and 10F. Locate the output capacitor as close to OUTF as possible. For applications driving switching capacitive loads or rapidly changing load currents, it is advantageous to use a 10F capacitor in parallel with a 0.1F capacitor. Larger capacitor values reduce transients on the reference output.
Output Force and Sense
The MAX6126 provides independent connections for the power-circuit output (OUTF) supplying current into a load, and for the circuit input regulating the voltage applied to that load (OUTS). This configuration allows for the cancellation of the voltage drop on the lines connecting the MAX6126 and the load. When using the Kelvin connection made possible by the independent current and voltage connections, take the power connection to the load from OUTF, and bring a line from OUTS to join the line from OUTF, at the point where the voltage accu-
Supply Current
The quiescent supply current of the series-mode MAX6126 family is typically 380A and is virtually independent of the supply voltage, with only a 2A/V (max) variation with supply voltage. When the supply voltage is below the minimum specified input voltage during turn-on, the device can draw
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13
Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
racy is needed. The MAX6126 has the same type of Kelvin connection to cancel drops in the ground return line. Connect the load to ground and bring a connection from GNDS to exactly the same point.
IN ISOURCE
Applications Information
Precision Current Source
Figure 2 shows a typical circuit providing a precision current source. The OUTF output provides the bias current for the bipolar transistor. OUTS and GNDS sense the voltage across the resistor and adjust the current sourced by OUTF accordingly. For even higher precision, use a MOSFET to eliminate base current errors.
MAX6126
OUTF
OUTS R
GND
GNDS
High-Resolution DAC and Reference from a Single Supply
Figure 3 shows a typical circuit providing the reference for a high-resolution, 16-bit MAX541 D/A converter.
VOUT(NOMINAL) / R = ISOURCE
Temperature Coefficient vs. Operating Temperature Range for a 1 LSB Maximum Error
In a data converter application, the reference voltage of the converter must stay within a certain limit to keep the error in the data converter smaller than the resolution limit through the operating temperature range. Figure 4 shows the maximum allowable reference voltage temperature coefficient to keep the conversion error to less than 1 LSB, as a function of the operating temperature range (TMAX - TMIN) with the converter resolution as a parameter. The graph assumes the reference voltage temperature coefficient as the only parameter affecting accuracy. In reality, the absolute static accuracy of a data converter is dependent on the combination of many parameters such as integral nonlinearity, differential nonlinearity, offset error, gain error, as well as voltage reference changes.
Figure 2. Precision Current Source
3V SUPPLY
IN
VDD
MAX6126
OUTF OUTS REF
MAX541 DAC OUT
ANALOG OUTPUT
GND
GNDS
GND
Figure 3. 14-Bit High-Resolution DAC and Positive Reference from a Single 3V Supply
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
10,000 1000 100 TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (ppm/C) 8 BIT 10 1 0.1 0.01 1 10 OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE (TMAX - TMIN) (C) 10 BIT 12 BIT 14 BIT 16 BIT 18 BIT 20 BIT 100
Figure 4. Temperature Coefficient vs. Operating Temperature Range for a 1 LSB Maximum Error
Typical Operating Circuit
(VOUT + 200mV) TO 12.6V INPUT
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1171 PROCESS: BiCMOS
IN OUTF REFERENCE OUTPUT
MAX6126
* NR * GND
OUTS
LOAD
GNDS
*OPTIONAL.
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX6126BAUA21 MAX6126AASA25 MAX6126BASA25 MAX6126AAUA25 MAX6126BAUA25 MAX6126AASA30 MAX6126BASA30 MAX6126AAUA30 MAX6126BAUA30 MAX6126AASA41 MAX6126BASA41 MAX6126AAUA41 MAX6126BAUA41 MAX6126AASA50 MAX6126BASA50 MAX6126AAUA50 MAX6126BAUA50 TEMP RANGE -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C PINPACKAGE 8 MAX 8 SO 8 SO 8 MAX 8 MAX 8 SO 8 SO 8 MAX 8 MAX 8 SO 8 SO 8 MAX 8 MAX 8 SO 8 SO 8 MAX 8 MAX OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.048 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 4.096 4.096 4.096 4.096 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 MAXIMUM INITIAL ACCURACY (%) 0.1 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.1 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.1 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.1 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.1 MAXIMUM TEMPCO (-40C to +85C) (ppm/C) 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 7 TOP MARK 6126B21 -- -- 6126A25 6126B25 -- -- 6126A30 6126B30 -- -- 6126A41 6126B41 -- -- 6126A50 6126B50
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
SOICN .EPS
MAX6126
INCHES DIM A A1 B C e E H L MAX MIN 0.069 0.053 0.010 0.004 0.014 0.019 0.007 0.010 0.050 BSC 0.150 0.157 0.228 0.244 0.016 0.050
MILLIMETERS MAX MIN 1.35 1.75 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.19 0.25 1.27 BSC 3.80 4.00 5.80 6.20 0.40 1.27
N
E
H
VARIATIONS:
1
INCHES
MILLIMETERS MIN 4.80 8.55 9.80 MAX 5.00 8.75 10.00 N MS012 8 AA 14 AB 16 AC
TOP VIEW
DIM D D D
MIN 0.189 0.337 0.386
MAX 0.197 0.344 0.394
D C
A e B A1
0-8 L
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE, .150" SOIC
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
21-0041
B
1 1
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Ultra-High-Precision, Ultra-Low-Noise, Series Voltage Reference MAX6126
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
8LUMAXD.EPS
4X S
8
8
INCHES DIM A A1 A2 b MIN 0.002 0.030 MAX 0.043 0.006 0.037
MILLIMETERS MAX MIN 0.05 0.75 1.10 0.15 0.95
y 0.500.1
E
H
0.60.1
c D e E H L
1
1
0.60.1
S
D
BOTTOM VIEW
0.010 0.014 0.005 0.007 0.116 0.120 0.0256 BSC 0.116 0.120 0.188 0.198 0.016 0.026 0 6 0.0207 BSC
0.25 0.36 0.13 0.18 2.95 3.05 0.65 BSC 2.95 3.05 4.78 5.03 0.41 0.66 0 6 0.5250 BSC
TOP VIEW
A2
A1
A
c e b L
SIDE VIEW
FRONT VIEW
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 8L uMAX/uSOP
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
21-0036
1 1
J
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2003 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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